PodSearch

The Talk Show

445: ‘Apple at 50’, With John Siracusa

 

00:00:00   I love having you on, but it always, I don't know, feels like having you on.

00:00:04   It's a heavy show, right?

00:00:05   I got to bring my, I got to bring my, no, I don't know.

00:00:09   I feel like you're a difficult gift.

00:00:11   Yeah.

00:00:13   Well, I try.

00:00:14   Last time I was on with December, December, 2023.

00:00:17   It's always, it's a bit of a, you got to bring your A game because you're going to call me

00:00:23   out on anything I'm wrong about.

00:00:24   I sure am.

00:00:25   And I wouldn't have it any other way.

00:00:27   And I thought, I'm not one for anniversaries.

00:00:30   I'm sort of the anti-Casey, right?

00:00:32   I don't really mark anniversaries of my own stuff.

00:00:34   And I feel like that is something that I have as a person, an affinity with Apple, the corporation,

00:00:43   where they're not into marking anniversaries that much either.

00:00:46   And they're kind of doing it.

00:00:47   And I kind of even feel like all the 50th stuff they're doing is sort of begrudging.

00:00:53   Well, they haven't been into it, but they seem pretty into the 50th stuff.

00:00:58   Right.

00:00:58   They're more into the 50th.

00:01:00   Yeah.

00:01:00   Their story is like, and they're public facing words.

00:01:03   It's like, we're not a company that looks backwards, but we're totally going to do it this time.

00:01:07   But even so, they're not really celebrating history.

00:01:11   They're just like having concerts.

00:01:13   Yeah.

00:01:13   I don't know.

00:01:14   They have the Alicia Keys thing in New York.

00:01:16   And I guess they're having, so says German, Paul McCartney tomorrow in Cupertino, which is a huge get.

00:01:24   I mean, if that's true.

00:01:25   I mean, you know, if German hears it's Paul McCartney, it's probably, I don't know.

00:01:29   It's such a boomer thing to do.

00:01:31   Like, we've got to get a Beatle.

00:01:32   That's the way we're going to celebrate the modern Apple, because the only time that is relevant is the time of the boomer's youth.

00:01:40   How funny would it be if he gets up there?

00:01:42   I mean, it's not going to happen, but it would be absolutely hilarious if he takes the microphone, and rather than play any music, he just gets up there and rants and raves about the Apple records, Apple computer thing.

00:01:56   Like, he even remembers that at this point.

00:01:58   I don't think Paul McCartney was ever instrumental in that.

00:02:04   I think that was more of a Yoko thing.

00:02:06   But who knows?

00:02:08   It is part of Apple history, though.

00:02:10   No, but I guess the one thing I thought is, well, 50 is only going to come around once.

00:02:15   I joked on dithering in an episode that will be out before this episode, and was also recorded before, that we're not going to get a chance to, probably not going to get a chance to talk about their 100th anniversary.

00:02:27   Speak for yourself.

00:02:28   Well, I said probably, and then Ben threw me under the bus as a couple of years younger.

00:02:33   He goes, well, you less likely than me.

00:02:35   I don't know.

00:02:36   I mean, I feel like, I don't know.

00:02:38   I feel like I got a chance at it.

00:02:39   I got some longevity genes in my family.

00:02:42   My dad's 88, doing well.

00:02:44   I don't know.

00:02:44   I mean, I only have to get to 103, so it's possible.

00:02:48   Easy.

00:02:48   If we're both still around, I say we definitely do it in 50 years.

00:02:52   Yeah, we'll have a holo podcast.

00:02:54   I mean, can we make it a date?

00:02:58   I mean, then it'll, if I, and the other thing, too, is if I have it on the calendar, it'll give me something to live for.

00:03:05   I've got dementia in my family, so my brain will be pudding by then.

00:03:08   So it's going to be a tough show for you.

00:03:09   You're really going to have to carry me.

00:03:10   It might be good fun.

00:03:13   I don't know.

00:03:15   We'll see.

00:03:16   I mean, I guess that's a little, putting the horse a little ahead of the carriage.

00:03:21   But I do feel, though, that if I'm going to do anything special for the 50th, a podcast would do better than writing.

00:03:27   I don't feel like writing about it.

00:03:29   Podcast is more, I don't know, this is why I like podcasting.

00:03:34   I have more mixed feelings about podcasting than you do, clearly.

00:03:38   I feel like that's one of the ways where you and I are like, we're oddly similar, and then we're very different.

00:03:43   And your position in the Mac media has evolved to primarily a podcaster who occasionally writes, and I'm a writer who occasionally podcasts.

00:03:53   You podcast all the time, first of all.

00:03:55   And second of all, the horse is always in front of the carriage.

00:03:58   The expression is putting the cart before the horse.

00:04:00   So you wanted me to call you on everything, and I just wanted to make sure I don't disappoint you.

00:04:03   I knew I was getting that one wrong.

00:04:06   I knew it was just...

00:04:07   But yeah, no, I do.

00:04:07   You're right that most of the time I spend doing podcasting, and you spend a tremendous amount of time podcasting.

00:04:11   I think you podcast more than I do because you do multiple episodes of Dithering Week plus the talk show.

00:04:15   Yeah, but the talk show is consistently now down to three episodes a month, and you guys are very consistently, I mean, remarkably consistently,

00:04:23   consistently 52, or once a week, so I guess occasionally...

00:04:26   But you do like two Ditherings a week, right?

00:04:27   Yeah, two Ditherings a week, so...

00:04:30   But that only adds up to 15 minutes.

00:04:32   You're podcasting up a storm, but I know you want to hold on to your identity as a writer.

00:04:35   I've never thought of myself as...

00:04:37   If I think of myself as anything, as a programmer, honestly, but I also think of myself as a writer and a podcaster.

00:04:43   I'm all the things at the same time, and if I had to hang my hat on one of them, it would probably be programmer just because I've spent more cumulative hours doing that than anything else that I've done.

00:04:50   Second place is probably writing, and then third place is probably writing.

00:04:52   And then third place is podcasting, but it's catching up now, because I did a lot of writing back in the day.

00:04:56   I spent a lot of time doing those really long articles, and not so much time typing things into the final article, but all the research that led up to it, and that really adds up.

00:05:05   But yeah, podcasting is catching up rapidly.

00:05:06   Yeah, even with the podcast, and your role on ATP is...

00:05:11   It's not just, okay, hit record, and then stop, and that's your time on ATP.

00:05:18   What was the one recently?

00:05:19   Past keys was one of the recent topics.

00:05:22   And in case he was like, I'll let Marco go first, but then I want to talk to John to find out what's actually going on with the topic.

00:05:30   So all of the time that you have spent looking into and considering the state of past keys in today's world arguably counts towards your time podcasting.

00:05:39   And I implemented them, well, with the help of some of my LM friends, implemented them on ATP.fm as well, so that also is some real-world experience with actually dealing with past keys.

00:05:49   Like, I was just working on them just before we connected here.

00:05:52   I was applying patches to our past key library for the website, like moments before.

00:05:56   Really? Why?

00:05:56   Yes.

00:05:56   How come?

00:05:57   Security things.

00:05:58   Like, I'm using a library for it.

00:06:00   It's a PHP website, and I'm using a PHP library, and that library has issues filed against it in GitHub, and the author hasn't been incorporating them, so I'm manually applying patches to make sure we're up to date with security stuff, yada, yada.

00:06:10   Not that it's that important.

00:06:11   Like, our website is a podcast website where there's not really any super secure stuff, but I want to make sure that it's as good as it can be.

00:06:18   So, yeah.

00:06:18   Right.

00:06:19   You know, I mean, what's the worst that could happen?

00:06:22   You guys don't store credit cards, so what could leak?

00:06:25   Emails, email addresses, and that would be bad, right?

00:06:27   You wouldn't want to have an episode where you tell all of the subscribers to ATP, we leaked all your email addresses.

00:06:34   But that is amongst the things that could leak in a security breach, how many people have an email address that isn't out there to some degree?

00:06:43   A lot of people think they do.

00:06:44   I try to make the point on ATP that people who think their email address is super secret and no one can know it, and it's like, man, everybody knows everyone's email address.

00:06:52   I do, and I wonder about that with mine.

00:06:55   I've had comments at Daring Fireball for public email.

00:07:01   Honestly, I think I started using it when the site started in 2002, so probably the whole run, so 24 years.

00:07:08   And my real address is gruber at daringfireball.net.

00:07:13   And both are real, and it is a separate inbox, but I've really thought of late, like, why in the world do I even have two inboxes for these?

00:07:21   I might as well just have one.

00:07:23   I've told you my mother's thing with email, or at least you've heard it on ATP, my mother's thing with email.

00:07:28   She has two email addresses.

00:07:30   She's got, like, an Apple one from her Apple ID, and then she's also got a Gmail one.

00:07:35   And she's very fastidious about, I forget which is which, but she's very fastidious about using one of them when she does shopping on Amazon.com or whatever.

00:07:45   And the other one she doesn't ever use for those things.

00:07:48   So she really does not need two email addresses, but she basically says the one that she doesn't use for public stuff is to avoid getting spam.

00:07:54   They both get spam.

00:07:56   Of course they both get spam.

00:07:57   But in her mind, if I never give this one to, like, Amazon or some other website that I use, no one will know about it, and they totally will.

00:08:05   It's like they're already spamming you there.

00:08:07   It's really not worth it.

00:08:08   I mean, what else could happen with the security of ATP?

00:08:10   You guys could accidentally leak members-only podcasts out to the world.

00:08:15   It's not the worst thing that would happen.

00:08:17   So I get it.

00:08:18   It's sort of lower stakes.

00:08:19   But I also get that you're fastidious and you want to, you're John Syracuse.

00:08:23   You're going to keep your passkey support up to date.

00:08:25   Yeah, or at least try to.

00:08:27   I mean, like, that's the whole thing.

00:08:28   Like, why don't you just write the library yourself?

00:08:30   Well, I'm not really ready to take that on.

00:08:32   Like, I do want to use libraries.

00:08:33   I don't want to roll everything my own from scratch.

00:08:36   But if you're using a library, it's okay.

00:08:37   Well, how much do you trust this library?

00:08:38   How good is this library?

00:08:39   How many bugs are in this library?

00:08:40   Is the library up to date?

00:08:41   And it's that cycle.

00:08:43   Yeah.

00:08:43   It is off topic of Apple's 50th.

00:08:46   I should just have you ATP guys on this show more often because I often have commentary on your episodes.

00:08:52   There was one where Marco was talking about his whole amazing 48 Mac Mini transcription service for Overcast,

00:09:01   which is really amazing.

00:09:02   It's like a Hall of Fame segment on ATP.

00:09:04   But then he mentioned, I even forget what it is, but I remember years ago when he did it,

00:09:10   there was some component of the back end of Overcast where Marco was like, you know, I need to write like a whole new thing.

00:09:15   And I've always been intrigued by the Go programming language.

00:09:18   I'm going to teach myself Go to write this.

00:09:20   And then he wrote it in Go.

00:09:22   And then three or four years later, he needed to add a feature and he hadn't touched Go since.

00:09:27   And now he's forgotten the entire programming.

00:09:29   Yeah.

00:09:29   It's the crawler.

00:09:30   I think it's the thing that crawls the feeds of the podcast.

00:09:33   I remember we talked about when he wrote that in Go, I think we talked about that on ATP all those years ago.

00:09:40   And he's like, I'm looking for a language to do this in.

00:09:41   I don't want to do it in PHP.

00:09:42   Let me try this, that.

00:09:43   And he ended up writing in Go.

00:09:44   The good thing is he wrote it in Go and it seems to be working.

00:09:46   You don't have to touch it for a long time.

00:09:48   But if he ever does need to touch it, he's now forgotten about it entirely.

00:09:51   And by the way, if you have comments on the show, you should write into the show.

00:09:54   You'll totally get put to the front of the queue as a friend of the show, as we have some follow-up here from, you know, we don't even have to use your last name.

00:10:00   We can just say we have some follow-up here from John and we'll just say what you have to say.

00:10:03   And then the comment starts, when I created Markdown.

00:10:08   Now, I did the same thing to myself with a much incredibly less complicated thing than Marco's crawler.

00:10:16   But I wrote the Daring Fireball link shortener, which is at like df4, the digit4.us, which was the best short domain I could get.

00:10:27   You wanted to spell doofus, I know.

00:10:29   Yeah, I couldn't remember why I put that.

00:10:31   Just like 4 is my favorite number and I couldn't get df.us, so I took it.

00:10:37   I actually, if you recall, for a year or two, I actually was using a Unicode glyph.

00:10:43   It was like df and then like a Unicode star dot something.

00:10:49   And I forget what country those were.

00:10:51   And that kind of worked, but it was like where they really broke down as I could tweet with those URLs and they worked.

00:11:00   But what happened was it was at a time when there was a vast proliferation of Twitter clients.

00:11:07   It was the heyday of the open Twitter API and Twitter clients were springing up left and right.

00:11:15   And various Twitter clients used various different ways to parse or detect URLs.

00:11:22   And guess what?

00:11:23   Many techniques to parse URLs did not anticipate the puny code encoding of URLs.

00:11:31   And so rather than fight it and stomp my feet, I was like, well, this was a clever idea to put an actual star in the URL.

00:11:38   And I thought with tiny URLs, I didn't need it because the canonical URL is daringfireball.net slash something something.

00:11:45   So the fact that people couldn't verbalize or type by hand the tiny URLs, it's like if you've already got the tiny URL, you just copy and paste it.

00:11:54   But it was the fact that the clients wouldn't parse it and wouldn't make it an active clickable link.

00:11:59   So I gave up on it.

00:12:00   But anyway, I wrote my own link shortening or expansion service that runs at df4.us.

00:12:08   And I did the same thing Marco did where I thought, you know, I've always wanted to learn Ruby.

00:12:12   Everything I've ever programmed myself is almost that I can still understand is in Perl or PHP a little bit.

00:12:20   But for the most part, Perl is the only programming language that's ever stuck with me.

00:12:24   And I thought, well, Ruby looks like Perl and looks kind of fun and people are saying good things.

00:12:29   But I certainly don't need Rails.

00:12:30   Rails seems way too complicated.

00:12:31   So I wrote it in Sinatra.

00:12:33   Do you ever remember Sinatra?

00:12:34   I do.

00:12:35   It's super tiny and it's very clear and it appealed to me greatly.

00:12:39   And it had a little, I think you could even use regular expressions.

00:12:42   So that appealed to me for the routing.

00:12:44   And you could just, if the URL looks like this and it matches this pattern, do this and it would go.

00:12:52   And it was very simple.

00:12:52   And then I wrote it and then I completely forgot all of Ruby.

00:12:56   And the next time I needed to touch it, I was, and I also forgot entirely how Sinatra works.

00:13:01   I don't remember how the goddamn thing starts.

00:13:03   I don't remember how it stops.

00:13:05   And all I remember, though, is that it was much like PHP in that once you have it set up and running on a server, you never need to do anything.

00:13:14   And that's how I forgot how to stop the Sinatra server, how to start the Sinatra server, because it just runs and runs.

00:13:21   And if the server ever restarts automatically because the hosting provider does something, it just starts back up and runs.

00:13:28   And I've completely forgot it.

00:13:30   And I was like, well, that was pretty stupid.

00:13:31   Well, hopefully you'll never have to touch it.

00:13:34   I mean, if it's working, don't touch it.

00:13:36   No.

00:13:36   And then I did touch it at some point just to stop doing all the smarter stuff I was doing.

00:13:42   Like I had a little bit of analytics and to see where stuff was coming from.

00:13:45   And I updated it just to take everything out and just redirect to daringfireball.net something.

00:13:52   All I did was make it stupider.

00:13:54   And I guess now I've waited long enough where I don't really have to worry about it, where I could just throw the project at an LLM and just say, tell me how to change this to do whatever I need changed.

00:14:05   No problem.

00:14:06   You could even have it ported to a different platform or language.

00:14:08   Really?

00:14:08   Yeah.

00:14:09   Yeah.

00:14:09   Anyway, even though we haven't really gotten sidetracked yet talking about Apple history, every time you're on the show,

00:14:15   I feel like we get sidetracked talking about Apple history.

00:14:18   So who better to have to actually talk about Apple history than me and you?

00:14:22   Yeah.

00:14:22   I just saw you on the Verge podcast.

00:14:24   What is it?

00:14:24   The Version?

00:14:25   Version History with David Pierce and Nilay Patel talking about you.

00:14:30   So you watched it?

00:14:31   I'm not all the way through it.

00:14:33   I watched most of it.

00:14:34   It was making me feel old because I feel like David Pierce.

00:14:37   Was he alive when the first Mac came out?

00:14:39   I don't know how old David is, but I don't think he was.

00:14:45   And if he was alive, he was much like when the Apple One came out.

00:14:50   You and I were alive, but we certainly don't remember it because we were, I don't know, four years old, three or four years old.

00:14:59   So I feel like, yeah, I don't know.

00:15:01   I've had the same thought recording that episode.

00:15:04   And I know Nilay's a little younger than me too, but I felt like with David, it was like, hey, he's talking about this a little too prehistoric-y as opposed to just old-y, right?

00:15:15   Yeah, and I think it's also difficult if you weren't there at the time to get an idea of what the Mac actually meant.

00:15:20   Because in hindsight, you map all these things onto it, and I'm not entirely sure.

00:15:25   I mean, that's great because you had such an age range on the show.

00:15:27   It made for a good episode with your different perspectives.

00:15:29   But every time I heard him talk about it, I was like, I turned into a crusty old man.

00:15:33   I was like, that's not the important thing about this.

00:15:36   And I was like, what are you doing?

00:15:37   Also, I think, doesn't David Pierce do the installer at The Verge too?

00:15:41   I think so, yes.

00:15:42   That segment.

00:15:42   I sent him one of my apps for the installer.

00:15:44   I thought it would be perfect for the installer.

00:15:45   Because I make obscure little apps that no one has ever heard of do some neat technical thing.

00:15:49   That's perfect for the installer.

00:15:50   He never featured me.

00:15:51   I'm still kind of bitter about it.

00:15:52   We'll have to fix that.

00:15:55   Hopefully, he'll listen to this, and then he'll feel bad.

00:15:57   Come on.

00:15:58   It's just I sent him one email about it.

00:16:00   No reply.

00:16:01   It's never going to get featured.

00:16:02   It's fine.

00:16:02   I understand.

00:16:03   I sent him hyperspace.

00:16:05   I feel like it's a good thing for...

00:16:06   I don't send him switch glass or front and center.

00:16:08   Those are too obscure.

00:16:09   But hyperspace is perfect for The Verge.

00:16:11   It's like, ah, people need to save disk space.

00:16:12   Anyway, whatever.

00:16:13   I don't think you've been on this show since hyperspace came out.

00:16:17   Or were you last on right when hyperspace 1.0 came out?

00:16:19   2023.

00:16:20   Let me see.

00:16:21   I'm so old, I've got to look up everything on my own websites now.

00:16:24   Luckily, I keep good records.

00:16:25   I do, too.

00:16:26   Keep good records of things.

00:16:28   So that's good.

00:16:28   Yeah, hyperspace was 2025.

00:16:30   Oh, okay.

00:16:32   So, not even close.

00:16:34   So, what's hyperspace?

00:16:35   You could talk about it.

00:16:36   I mean, I'm not here to pitch hyperspace.

00:16:38   It's an app that will save you disk space without removing any files by using a feature of the APFS file system.

00:16:44   And thank you.

00:16:46   And I honestly made it for myself because I'm, as I can frequently complain about in ATP and complained about again in the most recent episode, I have a 4TB SSD in my Mac.

00:16:55   And I am right up against the edge of filling it.

00:16:58   Like, I'm constantly trying to move things off of it and just save space any way I can.

00:17:03   And so, essentially, I wrote hyperspace for myself because if you can find files that are identical, like they have the identical contents, APFS lets you have those bits only on disk one time.

00:17:13   And so, it'll find all the files that are identical and say, if these are not already, like, space-saving clones of each other, turn them into that.

00:17:19   And the files stay completely separate and independent.

00:17:22   It looks exactly the same.

00:17:23   There's no weird stuff.

00:17:24   It's not a sim link.

00:17:25   It's not a hard link.

00:17:25   Editing one file doesn't affect the other files.

00:17:27   It just saves you space.

00:17:29   If you find five files that are the same, you can get rid of the data stored for four of them and just keep the data there once.

00:17:36   And, yeah, that's what I've been doing to my own disk with this program because I need a bigger disk and I've been waiting to buy a new Mac.

00:17:42   So, yeah, that's what it does.

00:17:43   And it doesn't make you pick, like, there's other things that find duplicate files.

00:17:45   Oh, you found duplicate files.

00:17:47   Do you want to delete all but one of them?

00:17:48   No, I never ask you to remove any files.

00:17:50   All the files stay there.

00:17:51   You don't have to pick.

00:17:52   You don't have to pick amongst your children.

00:17:53   Ooh, I kind of want this in both folders.

00:17:55   No, you never have to remove any.

00:17:57   It just gives you the disk space without changing what is on your disk.

00:18:00   It's nice.

00:18:01   And if you're old enough to really even remember when file systems were less complicated, it sounds too good to be true, right?

00:18:10   It doesn't.

00:18:10   It's like, oh, so what's it doing?

00:18:12   It's like making soft links or something.

00:18:14   Or aliases or something like that.

00:18:16   Yeah, absolutely.

00:18:16   Or aliases or something.

00:18:18   And nope, it's not.

00:18:19   They are separate files.

00:18:21   And if you, so you're like, well, then what happens if you open one of the five copies of the same, five instances of the same file where the bytes are only on disk once, and then you make a change, and then you save it?

00:18:33   Well, then that instance gets, that initial save will take some time because it will write out the, now it's suddenly taking up its own bytes on the disk.

00:18:42   Yeah, and actually, it really depends on what the program does in terms of saving.

00:18:46   If you modify the file, I believe it diverges at the block level, so it doesn't even overwrite the whole file, but most applications will write an entirely new file when you hit save, like even if you just appended a word at the end.

00:18:57   So that's really up to the program.

00:18:57   But either way, the whole point is it's entirely transparent.

00:18:59   And the reason you know it's entirely transparent is for years now, every time you hit command D to duplicate a file in the finder, it does this.

00:19:06   It makes a space-saving clone.

00:19:07   You don't need to know that.

00:19:08   You just need to know, huh, I just duplicated a 20-gig file, and it happened instantly.

00:19:12   This SSD must be fast.

00:19:13   No, it didn't copy 20 gigs.

00:19:14   It just said, oh, yeah, here's another file pointing at the same data, and it's the same deal.

00:19:18   If you modify that file, don't worry about it.

00:19:20   They're independent.

00:19:21   They will diverge as needed.

00:19:22   It's one of the great features of APFS.

00:19:24   I am.

00:19:25   And one thing I've been meaning to, I've been keeping this one in my pocket for when you come back on this show, I just want to say I think Hyperspace is the perfect name.

00:19:36   Sometimes you hear a name for an app or a product, and you just know it's the best possible name out there.

00:19:42   There's no – in the infinite number of names you could have come up with for this app, you're never going to come up with a better one than Hyperspace.

00:19:50   Yeah, I mean, it really does – it relies on knowing my deal and the whole hypercritical branding, and my website is hypercritical.co.

00:19:57   So you need to have that and my Star Wars fandom.

00:20:00   There's a lot of context – as with everything I do, there's a lot of surrounding context that is required to get it.

00:20:05   But honestly, the only people who are going to be interested in the things that I'm doing probably already have that context.

00:20:09   So I think it's fine.

00:20:10   It's extra charming if you listen to ATP and you know anything that you are a Star Wars fan.

00:20:16   But if you're not and you just come across this app in the App Store or however else you come across it because you actually have the same need,

00:20:23   because maybe you have a 4-terabyte SSD that is at 3.95 terabytes full, it still sounds like a good name for that app's purpose.

00:20:33   And even if you're, like, young and you don't really have a particular affinity for Star Wars or know that they don't call it warp speed or whatever, it's hyperspace.

00:20:42   The only thing I waffled on a little bit, and you can relate to this, is Star Wars spells hyperspace all one word with no capitalization.

00:20:48   But, of course, I am an old-school Mac user, and I love intercaps like MacPaint, MacWrite, and MacPro.

00:20:53   So I was like, oh, capital H, hyper, capital S, space, or like the Star Wars way.

00:20:58   In the end, I went with the Star Wars way because I felt like I wanted to lean more in that direction,

00:21:01   as evidenced by the amazing icon by IconFactory that shows a spinning hard drive going into hyperspace.

00:21:07   That is one of the ways that the whole Apple world and the industry, right?

00:21:11   It wasn't really an Apple thing for CamelCase titles.

00:21:14   It was sort of the whole industry.

00:21:15   There was a time of peak CamelCase naming when you could almost just not even memorize them

00:21:22   and just, if it could be CamelCase, just do it, and you were probably right.

00:21:26   And now, it's probably, if you never do it, you're probably right more often than wrong.

00:21:32   I mean, CamelCasing has sort of fallen out of favor.

00:21:35   It fell out of favor, I think, pretty quick.

00:21:37   It just seems like a big error because it was like all the original programs, MacWrite, MacPaint,

00:21:42   the third-party ones, MacDraw.

00:21:43   Photoshop bucked the trend by having a lowercase S.

00:21:47   But how many times have you seen Photoshop spelled with a capital S?

00:21:50   And Macworld, Macworld famously, for a long time, had the capital W spelled more often than

00:21:57   the correct spelling.

00:21:58   And it was further complicated by the fact that we, by convention in the community, would abbreviate

00:22:05   or not abbreviate, I don't know.

00:22:07   Yeah, abbreviate.

00:22:08   MWSF, Macworld San Francisco.

00:22:10   I think that might be initialized.

00:22:13   We initialized the name MWSF for Macworld San Francisco and MWNY for Macworld New York.

00:22:20   And no one ever wrote MWBOS, but it did happen every once in a while.

00:22:24   No, it did.

00:22:25   Which complicates it because then you think, well, that's what the W is.

00:22:30   It's for a capital W in the magazine's name.

00:22:32   But it was definitely not a capital, never was a capital W in the magazine's name.

00:22:37   Also, further complicated from the debut of Macworld in 1984, because in the initial, I don't know

00:22:44   how many years, they put it on the magazine cover in all caps that were all the same height.

00:22:50   Yeah.

00:22:50   And so it was up to you to sort of guess how it might be spelled in upper and lowercase.

00:22:55   You can relate to that, although to your credit, you use CSS Text Transform to deal with it.

00:22:59   But every time I see one of your article titles, I want to copy it into the ATP show notes.

00:23:03   I'm like, oh, it's all caps, but then you copy and paste, and it's like, oh, don't worry.

00:23:06   I'll get the capitalization from the pasted text.

00:23:08   Exactly.

00:23:09   Because I'm courteous, but you can't really copy and paste from a printed magazine.

00:23:14   Although I would probably try at this point.

00:23:16   Have you ever done that?

00:23:18   Have you ever pinched a Zoom on a paper magazine page?

00:23:20   I've done it so many times.

00:23:21   No, never.

00:23:21   Never.

00:23:22   I've never done that.

00:23:23   The closest I've come is, especially in years past, when I've really spent like a whole week full time on an iPad Pro to write a review of a new iPad Pro plus Magic Keyboard.

00:23:39   Then I'll go back to my Mac.

00:23:42   Oh, no.

00:23:42   I've never actually touched the screen, but I've gotten like horror movie close to actually touching the screen.

00:23:51   You don't want to touch that now in texture.

00:23:52   Yeah.

00:23:53   No, definitely not.

00:23:55   All right.

00:23:56   Random thought.

00:23:57   I was going to take a sponsor break, but before we do, how do you square?

00:24:00   This seems like nobody has talked about this.

00:24:02   German says they're coming out with touchscreen Macs, possibly at the end of this year.

00:24:06   This might be one of those times where the M5 MacBook Pro higher end models with the M5 Max and M5 Ultra, or no, the Ultra.

00:24:16   It's the Max and the Pro, the Pro chip for the Pro laptops, only came out earlier in March.

00:24:23   And maybe they were originally supposed to ideally come out in November.

00:24:27   And he said, because there have been, it was like the M3 or something was only out for 10 months before the M4 ones came out.

00:24:33   One of those years.

00:24:34   Yeah, the M5 Pro and Max, the rumor is that they were delayed because of that, like, chiplet architecture, that, like, the SMC wasn't ready with that.

00:24:40   So they got delayed and they got pushed into this year.

00:24:42   Right.

00:24:43   That they should have all debuted at the same time as the baby MacBook Pro with just the regular M5 chip in November.

00:24:50   And that come this November, there's going to be at least one MacBook, and possibly not called MacBook Pro, who knows, that has a touchscreen.

00:25:01   So my question is, as a lover of the nanotexture on my studio display, and I don't have a MacBook Pro with a nanotexture,

00:25:11   but it's the only reason I'm even tempted to upgrade the one that I already own, is to get nanotexture.

00:25:16   I have no other reason, but I want the nanotexture.

00:25:20   And occasionally, while using my MacBook Pro as a laptop, carrying it around, traveling, I'm in a scenario where I see any glare at all now, I'm offended.

00:25:30   Because I know that if it was nanotexture, I'd never see glare.

00:25:32   How to square that with the idea of a touchscreen Mac, other than that the touchscreen one won't come with nanotexture?

00:25:40   I don't see how they can possibly make a nanotexture one that has a touchscreen.

00:25:43   Well, yeah, so that's the one option is, hey, no nanotexture on the touchscreen Macs.

00:25:48   The other option is that if you've been a student of nanotexture from Apple, I think every single one of their nanotexture finishes has been different.

00:25:58   The Pro Display XDR is different than the iPads is different than the MacBooks.

00:26:02   I don't see any reason why they couldn't make a fourth nanotexture that is suited for being a touchscreen.

00:26:08   And all of these have different compromises in terms of how do they deal with reflectivity, how do they deal with finger grease, how do they feel in the case of the iPad with a stylus underneath it.

00:26:15   So I leave that open as a possibility as well that they have come up with a compromised nanotexture that is viable as a touchscreen, that is not impossible to get fingerprints off of, and that works on a touchscreen laptop.

00:26:27   But it is definitely simpler to say that they just won't do nanotexture on the touch ones.

00:26:30   All right.

00:26:31   And I guess the counterexample is the iPad Pro with nanotexture that is obviously a touch device.

00:26:36   You touch it all the time, yeah.

00:26:37   But it's glass, not whatever the hell they may.

00:26:40   And I guess somebody's corrected me at some point that the MacBooks do use glass, but it's not glass like an iPad.

00:26:45   Well, I think it actually is probably the same.

00:26:48   They could do the same service treatment.

00:26:49   I don't know, but I look at my wife has one of those, and I don't like to look at it because she touches it all day long.

00:27:00   Yeah, that's how you use it.

00:27:01   You know, every once in a while, I'll just suddenly pick it up and clean it, and boy, does it need to be cleaned.

00:27:07   So I don't know.

00:27:08   I guess the answer to my question is they just forge ahead and do it.

00:27:11   And if you like nanotexture and you want to touch your MacBook, you just do it and you have fingerprints all over your screen.

00:27:17   Yep.

00:27:19   But I can't see how that's possible that somebody would care about nanotexture because they care about the screen and want to touch the screen and put fingerprints all over it.

00:27:29   But I'm married to one of them, so I guess there's all kinds of people in the world.

00:27:33   All right.

00:27:34   Let me take a break and thank our first sponsor.

00:27:36   It's our good friends at Sentry, S-E-N-T-R-Y, Sentry, not century.

00:27:41   They always want me to emphasize that, and I can see why.

00:27:44   It's hard to figure out what actually happened in your app when your logs, errors, and performance data all live in different tools.

00:27:51   With Sentry's application logs, everything is connected.

00:27:55   Your logs link directly to the errors, traces, and replays that they relate to so you can follow the full story in one place.

00:28:02   You can filter and aggregate on any attribute, like user ID, feature flags, or releases, so that you can troubleshoot issues even when nothing through an error.

00:28:12   It's a simple setup.

00:28:13   You can start sending logs to Sentry without changing your application code.

00:28:18   Full stack coverage.

00:28:19   It works across back-end, front-end, and mobile.

00:28:22   They've got videos and a quick-start guide on their website, so you can figure it out and get up and running very quickly.

00:28:28   So if you're a developer, Sentry is used by millions of developers behind some of the biggest apps out there, like Claude, Disney+, and Duolingo.

00:28:38   Big names.

00:28:39   Sentry supports over 100 languages and frameworks across front-end, back-end, and mobile.

00:28:44   Try it for free at Sentry, S-E-N-T-R-Y, Sentry.io, slash talkshow.

00:28:52   And use that URL, slash talkshow, and they'll know you came from the show.

00:28:58   They have a free dev plan that you can try out.

00:29:00   And listeners of the show, using that code talkshow, can get $80, $80 in Sentry credits.

00:29:07   Go to sentry.io, slash talkshow.

00:29:09   What's your earliest memory of an Apple computer?

00:29:12   Probably Apple IIs that were in, like, a basement room of the father of a friend of mine's house.

00:29:21   I think it might have been, like, my babysitter's father had Apple IIs, had a bunch of Apple IIs set up, like, in his basement to, like, teach a course on computers that my parents had me attend.

00:29:31   You know, it was like when you had, like, rows of desks, and each one had an Apple II on it, maybe three rows.

00:29:35   The desks were all touching, like, long tables.

00:29:38   Not even desks, but, like, long tables.

00:29:39   And then at the front, like, a chalkboard or whatever.

00:29:41   That, using the Apple IIs in that room.

00:29:44   I don't remember what we did with them.

00:29:46   I can picture the room in my head, and I know I was there.

00:29:49   And I took whatever class it was.

00:29:50   Not sure what I came away with.

00:29:52   So that's probably my first Apple hardware memory, Apple anything memory.

00:29:55   I think for me, I'm not entirely sure.

00:29:58   I'm pretty sure, though, it was at my elementary school.

00:30:02   They had a, they called it the gifted program.

00:30:04   I think you had, it was like, it took, like, an IQ test.

00:30:07   And if you scored above a certain number, they'd invite you.

00:30:11   And then once a week, I think it was once a week.

00:30:13   I don't know.

00:30:13   You'd think if I was gifted, I'd remember.

00:30:15   But I think once a week, and they changed the days.

00:30:18   It was like, the other teachers all hated it because they didn't want you to miss the same classes.

00:30:23   So they would change the day of the week.

00:30:26   And whether it was morning or afternoon, but for a half day, once a week, the kids in the gifted program went to the gifted room and the teacher, we had a different curriculum for half a day.

00:30:37   But one week, it would be like Wednesday morning.

00:30:40   And then the next week, it would be like Thursday afternoon.

00:30:42   And I always hate, oh, man, did I hate when we had to skip gym.

00:30:46   Usually, I was like, oh, this is so fun.

00:30:49   Yeah, but I really hated when we had to miss gym.

00:30:53   And I was like, this sucks, especially if it was like a fun day, like we were playing a good sport like kickball or something.

00:30:58   I was like, oh, man, this sucks.

00:31:00   But ordinarily, it was a lot of fun.

00:31:02   But the gifted classroom had an Apple IIe.

00:31:06   And most of the other classrooms in my elementary school that had computers, in fact, none of them had apples.

00:31:13   They had TI-99 4As.

00:31:15   And I was happy to get time on any computer, right?

00:31:19   Like they could have imported one of those weird Russian computers that the guy made Tetris on.

00:31:23   And I couldn't even read the prompts because it was written in Russian.

00:31:28   But I'd still want to touch it and play with it and try to figure out how to make it do things.

00:31:32   But that Apple II in the gifted classroom was like, it was different.

00:31:38   And it was like, this is clearly, I could see why there's only one of them in the whole school.

00:31:43   This is 10 times better than the other computers.

00:31:45   I didn't have that impression of the Apple IIes because my next computer memory, sort of my contemporary computer memory, is the first computer that I had in my house, which was a Commodore VIC-20 that my parents rented.

00:31:55   And we connected to our television set.

00:31:59   That's how you used it.

00:32:00   And to me, the VIC-20 and the Apple II were like of a piece because they were both like real chunky, dark background, light text.

00:32:08   You know, if anything, the VIC-20 seemed more advanced than the Apple II just because it was on my bigger TV.

00:32:13   So my TV was bigger than the Apple II monitors that they had.

00:32:16   But they just both seemed like computers.

00:32:19   This is my impression of computers.

00:32:20   It's a keyboard.

00:32:21   It's a black screen.

00:32:22   There's text on it.

00:32:23   You type stuff.

00:32:23   There's a prompt.

00:32:25   And whatever we were doing, the Apple IIes was, I don't know if we weren't playing games or we were probably doing basic programming, but it just seemed that's what computers were before I saw the Mac, which was a command prompt and you type basic programs.

00:32:36   And granted, the VIC-20 and the Apple II were different and the Apple II was a much more vibrant ecosystem, but I didn't know that.

00:32:41   I was a little kid.

00:32:42   I just, I was, by my parents, I was being, not forced, but encouraged to quote unquote, learn computers because that was going to be the future.

00:32:51   And what learning computers entailed, which they didn't know, they just chucked me, oh, this guy's running computer classes.

00:32:56   And honestly, I was so young then, I didn't retain anything from that.

00:33:00   But I do remember making, I was excited because the VIC-20 had color and you could do like, you could make basically colored squares.

00:33:06   Like you could type a character, but instead of a character coming out, it would just be a square the size of the character that could be in a color by hitting like F2 or some crap.

00:33:13   I remember doing that.

00:33:14   And of course, writing 10 print John, 20 go to 10.

00:33:16   All right.

00:33:17   Or Kmart sucks, as I used to like to do.

00:33:21   No, this all came up when we rehashed the Commodore 64, which was the successor to the VIC-20.

00:33:26   The Commodore 64 versus Apple II debate, I guess like a year ago, Jason Snell and I and others were tweeting about it or blogging about it.

00:33:34   It was weird though, the way, I don't know, maybe some people did.

00:33:38   And I know that there were things that came out that I wasn't even aware of a year ago was that the Commodore 64 was a bigger deal in Europe than it was here for various reasons.

00:33:50   And the whole computing world was so fractured, right?

00:33:56   There were little fiefdoms all over the place.

00:33:59   And it really wasn't until the IBM PC and DOS that there was ever a monoculture.

00:34:05   And I think to the rest of the industry, everybody just had it in their heads that, well, every three or four years, a new computer comes out with no compatibility with what came before it.

00:34:15   And that's just the way it is.

00:34:18   And nobody had ever really foreseen a world where, no, remember the DOS computers from 1983?

00:34:24   Yeah, those are going to work exactly the same way for 30 years.

00:34:27   Or more with emulation.

00:34:29   But that was appropriate for the time because things were changing so fast.

00:34:32   There's no way you could say, well, we've just decided this is it.

00:34:35   What we've done on the Altair.

00:34:36   That's what we're going to do forever.

00:34:38   It's like, no, just you need to scrap it all and start over because things are advancing so rapidly.

00:34:42   There's no way you could.

00:34:44   And that's kind of what screwed Apple in the end is that they were successful early with the Mac and cemented a bunch of decisions that turned out to they expired.

00:34:53   Those decisions expired around the late 90s.

00:34:55   And it was a cruel crisis for the company.

00:34:57   It almost killed the entire company.

00:34:58   And Microsoft went through the same thing, but they navigated it a little bit better with the transition from DOS and Windows to the NT base of Windows 2000.

00:35:05   Right.

00:35:06   Somehow it's a complicated argument.

00:35:09   But they clearly did, right?

00:35:11   Because their success was unabated up through then.

00:35:14   Whereas Apple's.

00:35:15   I mean, yeah, it helps when they had such a massively dominant position at that point that they had a lot of runway to finesse the transition.

00:35:21   And they did a pretty good job of it.

00:35:22   And their most important thing was that they started NT well before it was time to transition.

00:35:26   So NT was a separate project that they put money behind that they did.

00:35:29   And you had Windows 95 and 98 and they were parallel until they finally said, you know, we can cross this over in 2000 and give our consumer Windows the base from NT, which has tried and tested some shims to make stuff run.

00:35:39   So they did a good job with the transition.

00:35:41   Apple did not.

00:35:42   Yeah.

00:35:43   And I think that's why Windows 7 was such a shock, because it seemed up through XP, which I think came out in 2001.

00:35:52   That it just seemed like Microsoft every two to three years came out with a major new version of Windows that was a varying compatibility, you know, right?

00:36:03   Like NT was the real OS, but they did it.

00:36:06   And in a way that you could install NT and all of your old shit was still there and worked through compatibility.

00:36:12   So it was a real OS, but like an old DOS program from 1983 still ran exactly the same way, just in a window or something.

00:36:20   Yeah.

00:36:21   And Apple didn't have that.

00:36:24   I mean, eventually they did, but it was a struggle.

00:36:27   But I will admit, though, that like in my elementary school years, while I liked the Apple IIe in that gifted classroom the best, they were I know what you mean.

00:36:38   And I largely agree that all computers were basically the same and they just had different keyboards and whatever.

00:36:44   And for the most part, most like I know there were advanced ways of writing basic programs where you could have, oh, this is only going to work on integer basic on an Apple IIe.

00:36:56   But for the most part, if you bought like a magazine or something with a program that you could type in, it would work on any computer with basic.

00:37:03   And all the computers had a basic programming prompt when you turned them on.

00:37:07   So you could just.

00:37:07   And yeah, there were weird things like the Commodores had the weird box drawing characters on the keys, which is cool.

00:37:14   And maybe that wasn't compatible across.

00:37:17   But for the most part, every computer was a computer that you turned on and wrote basic programs.

00:37:21   Yeah.

00:37:21   And well, the interesting part about that is that's what they're kind of selling the computer as.

00:37:24   Here's a computer.

00:37:25   You can write your own programs.

00:37:26   You can get Byte magazine and transcribe them and curse when you've made a typo in some line.

00:37:31   But then once there became software for them, those software programs are not necessarily written in basic.

00:37:36   A lot of the software programs, especially the good ones, are written in like assembly or other things to make them perform well.

00:37:41   And so it was kind of like you weren't doing the real thing.

00:37:47   You were doing a thing that was a toy thing that you could do as a user of computers.

00:37:50   But you're learning basic.

00:37:51   It's not going to serve you well when it comes time to write your VisiCalc competitor.

00:37:54   Exactly right.

00:37:56   No.

00:37:56   And I remember being bothered by that as a kid because I could tell that the way that Jordan Metzner had written Karataka was not with basic.

00:38:05   And I was like, well, how did he do this?

00:38:07   How did how in the world?

00:38:08   How is this game made?

00:38:10   It's obviously where and I never thought.

00:38:12   And then it made me start thinking about things like, well, how in the world do they make Atari cartridges?

00:38:17   How does that work?

00:38:19   What is inside?

00:38:20   And then I remember like finding and I don't think I ever broke one, but I remember like going through the box of Atari 2600 cartridges we had and taking out like my least favorite one.

00:38:31   It was like some kind of off brand, not even Atari or Activision, but one of those third party that you never heard of.

00:38:37   And it actually had just like Phillips head screws and you could take it apart and look inside the cartridge and it wasn't very edifying to look inside, you know, just a bunch of chips.

00:38:48   Yeah.

00:38:49   And then I remember I'm pretty sure I remember trying it where you could still plug the part with the contacts into the 2600.

00:38:56   The cartridge itself was I was like, oh, it's sort of just a packaging and all the tricks people had about blowing on them and ever the cartridge was just a chip inside the actual plastic.

00:39:07   Obviously, that's very obvious to me now at the age of like eight or nine.

00:39:11   It wasn't obvious at all.

00:39:12   But I never thought of until then, until I started playing games on an Apple to like Karatica, like games that obviously were not written in basic.

00:39:21   It occurred to me like, well, wait, this is a computer where you can type stuff in basic, but that's not how this was made.

00:39:27   But how they made this somehow they put it on a floppy disk and it's this is more akin to what they've done on a cartridge, even though a cartridge isn't a disc.

00:39:38   And I was like, oh, and I know that's where I started learning the basics of how an actual computer worked.

00:39:44   But it was hard because there was no frigging Internet.

00:39:46   And it was this type of question where even the teachers who were more computer enthusiasts and had things to do, like my fifth grade math teacher, Mr. Leimbach, to his credit, was a significant computer enthusiast.

00:40:01   And so he, for math, had like programs on the TI-99 in his room.

00:40:07   And if you finished your classwork, you could raise your hand and ask to play.

00:40:11   It was like a baseball game where you'd have to answer.

00:40:13   The pitches would come in with a math problem and you'd have to type the answer and hit return before the pitch reached the plate.

00:40:20   And then your guy would run around the bases.

00:40:22   Way more fun than regular fifth grade math.

00:40:25   I'm on a computer, but it was, quote unquote, educational, I guess.

00:40:29   Yeah, I had to read the same five computer books in the school library a hundred times that would label the parts of the computer, which is very important in learning the difference between ROM and RAM and what the keyboard was.

00:40:37   And it's like, this is it.

00:40:39   This is the extent of the material available to me about computers at this point.

00:40:43   But even Mr. Leimbach wasn't going to be able to explain to me how a disk drive worked.

00:40:47   But I guess where I really remember noticing that I liked Apple computers better was when I got to middle school because they had a whole lab of Apples.

00:40:55   They weren't all the same.

00:40:57   It was Apple.

00:40:58   I think mostly Apple IIEs, maybe some Apple II Pluses and Apple IICs, which was the first time I can remember the part of my brain that noticed industrial design.

00:41:10   Like, I always thought Apple's computers had better cases than the others, and I liked their keyboards better.

00:41:17   But the Apple IIc was when they sort of took a, oh, that's totally different and feels more futuristic.

00:41:23   Like the Apple, and for those out there listening who don't have all these computers memorized, the Apple IIc was the one, what was it called?

00:41:30   The Snow White design language?

00:41:32   Yeah, I think that Frog design is responsible for it, but yeah.

00:41:35   The Apple II was like, what, Jerry Manic or something did the case for that?

00:41:38   Yeah.

00:41:38   So eventually Apple outsourced the Frog design, which was at the time a very famous design bureau, and they came up with the Snow White design language for the Apple IIc and eventually Mini Macs.

00:41:48   Yeah, eventually Mini Macs.

00:41:50   And there was a time, like the Apple IIc, the hardware looked a lot more like the Macs.

00:41:57   It came with an ADB keyboard that you could just plug into a Mac because it was the same plug.

00:42:04   There was even a Mac-like desktop environment for the IIc.

00:42:09   I forget what it was called, but it was always sort of gross.

00:42:13   It was like Apple had ripped off their own computer in a very poor way.

00:42:18   I loved the 2GS, but I didn't love using the Mac compatibility, whatever that was called.

00:42:24   I think this would have come up when you guys were talking about on the version history.

00:42:29   Is that what it's called?

00:42:29   I keep forgetting.

00:42:30   The podcast you were just on talking about the Lisa, and I always forget if this is true, and I don't have it off the top of my head now, so I'll just pretend one of us is looking it up and confirming this.

00:42:38   But one of the things I recall about the Lisa was, did it have rectangular pixels?

00:42:41   I think it did.

00:42:44   I do.

00:42:44   If it didn't, it looked like it did.

00:42:47   And I know a lot of computers back in that day did have rectangular pixels.

00:42:50   And basically, any time I saw a rectangular pixel display in those days, I dismissed it.

00:42:58   I said, well, it's a neat computer, and maybe it'll play fun games, but man, you can't have rectangular.

00:43:02   It's a grid.

00:43:03   Have they never seen, like, graph paper?

00:43:06   They're squares.

00:43:08   Like, you can't have them rectangular.

00:43:09   It's so incredibly limiting.

00:43:11   And so that's just such an incredible nonstop.

00:43:13   I think the Lisa did it because their idea was that, like, vertical space is more important than horizontal or something.

00:43:18   They had some rationale about doing it, but it's like, that's not the way to do a bitmap display.

00:43:24   And so anytime they tried to do anything bitmap that wasn't a game, like the desktop environment on the 2GS or whatever, if it was in a display mode that had rectangular pixels, it was just like, blah.

00:43:34   And if it didn't, if it had square pixels, but those pixels were gigantic, like CGA 320 by 200 on a 14-inch monitor, I was like, well, no, that's not it.

00:43:42   320 by 200 on a 14-inch monitor is not enough.

00:43:45   It's not enough for a GUI.

00:43:46   So you're, like, you're playing pretend to be a GUI, but, like, this was – you talked about, like, noticing things that were different.

00:43:51   This was the distinguishing characteristic to me, which is the original Mac on a 9-inch screen with whatever the resolution was, 512 by 384 – 384 or 342, I forget.

00:44:02   Anyway –

00:44:03   I think it's 342 on the original, and I always get it wrong because 384 would make it a perfect 4-to-3, and it's not.

00:44:09   Right.

00:44:09   It was actually squatter.

00:44:10   But anyway, on a 9-inch screen, those pixels, those 172nd of an inch or whatever pixels, that was, like, the minimum threshold.

00:44:19   And any time I saw anyone else doing a desktop environment, I said, see, we're like the Mac, and we even have color.

00:44:24   I'm like, no, you are playing pretend with either rectangular pixels or pixels the size of boulders or both.

00:44:31   You have insufficient data density to do this.

00:44:34   All you can do is do, like, a Monet impressionist painting.

00:44:37   Yeah.

00:44:37   And that's even before we consider, like, how it actually worked, which was never the way the Mac worked, and how, as you noted on the podcast, like, how there is no command line lurking under this, how there is no DOS prompt under there, how you will never see text filling your screen.

00:44:50   So that was the division point for me.

00:44:52   When I first saw the Mac, it was the first computer that I instinctively felt was clearly a totally different thing and a better idea.

00:45:01   And as a young person, any time I would see any other piece of technology after that, it would always amaze me that people couldn't see.

00:45:08   I felt the same way about Japanese animation.

00:45:10   Can you not see the difference between Hanna-Barbera and Robotech or whatever?

00:45:15   Like, are you not seeing the same things I'm seeing?

00:45:17   Like, I know they're both cartoons.

00:45:18   Like, I know these are both computers.

00:45:20   And I know you're like, well, they both got Windows.

00:45:21   But you don't see it?

00:45:22   You don't see the difference?

00:45:23   It's so clear to me that there's – and it was just incredibly fresh.

00:45:27   In the beginning, it was easy because it was, like, gooey versus non-gooey.

00:45:29   But then when Windows got a gooey, it's like, Windows 3.1 versus the current state of the Mac?

00:45:33   Like, how are you both – how is any rational person looking at these two things and saying, well, they're basically the same?

00:45:38   No, they're not the same at all.

00:45:40   I don't know what you're thinking.

00:45:40   I remember – I'm not the biggest – I didn't go on to become a big anime fan.

00:45:46   But I remember as a kid being absolutely blown away by Star Blazers.

00:45:51   Remember that?

00:45:52   Oh, man.

00:45:53   I mean, and that's the perfect example where it was a totally different style.

00:45:58   It's like the other cartoons, like the Flintstones and the Jetsons and whatever, the Pink Panther, even Bugs Bunny.

00:46:06   If that was on and I had control of the TV, yes, that's the channel I would put it to.

00:46:11   But Star Blazers was, like, one of the first shows I can ever remember that I made time for.

00:46:17   Oh, Star Blazers comes on Channel 17 at 4 o'clock.

00:46:19   I need to be in front of the TV at 4 o'clock because this incredible show is coming on.

00:46:24   And it is not like the other shows.

00:46:26   It is totally –

00:46:27   Yeah, and in that case, like, there's nothing wrong with Hanna-Barbera animation.

00:46:30   But to not be able to note that the style is clearly different, to not be able to instantly say, is this Japanese animation or is it not?

00:46:37   If you can't look at two frames of animation in different shows and immediately say yes or no, whether it's Japanese animation back in, like, the 80s, I just feel like you're not – you're blind.

00:46:46   Like, you can't – you're like, how is this?

00:46:48   And it was my particular sensitivity to these details of aesthetics and design that were like a screaming siren in my head that were invisible to hold huge swaths of the public, which would lead to a long, dark time of me feeling like this better thing exists and nobody cares about it but me, which has happened to a lot of Apple fans back then.

00:47:07   Why am I the only person in the world who can see this?

00:47:10   Why is Apple a niche player in the computer market?

00:47:13   Why is the whole world using Windows on PC clones and they all think it's fine?

00:47:18   Like, it was kind of a sane person in an insane world feeling for a long time there.

00:47:22   Yeah, absolutely.

00:47:23   And I would say that the square versus rectangular pixels thing epitomized it.

00:47:28   Have you ever seen – this is something that came up – I don't know if you got to this part, but on the Virgin History podcast.

00:47:34   I have to admit, I've seen – just like two years ago at some point, or whenever the 40th anniversary of the Macintosh was, I went back to Drexel University, which is actually not even that far from my house.

00:47:47   I mean, an easy walk.

00:47:49   I went back because there was some kind of 40th anniversary of Drexel.

00:47:53   It was like the first university that had a campus-wide collaboration with Apple to have every student have a Macintosh in 1984.

00:48:03   And there was all sorts of retro Mac hardware that was set up.

00:48:07   I've seen original Macs over the years many times.

00:48:10   I wish – I've never seen a Lisa, though, in my life.

00:48:13   I've never seen one.

00:48:15   Have you?

00:48:16   I've seen one but not turned on.

00:48:17   I've seen them at the MIT swap years ago, but it wasn't plugged in or turned on.

00:48:21   I don't even – I've never even seen one that was, like, broken like one of the droids in Star Wars sitting in the junk pile.

00:48:27   I've never seen a Lisa.

00:48:28   The MIT swap is basically for Jawas.

00:48:30   Yeah.

00:48:31   And I'm not that interested in it.

00:48:33   I honestly am not even that.

00:48:34   I mean, if somebody told me they had one, like when I went up to Drexel for the 40th anniversary thing and they said, you know, there's a Lisa in the corner, I would have gone over to see it.

00:48:43   I'd be like, oh, I guess I've always wanted to see one.

00:48:45   But there were so many things about it that seemed gross to me.

00:48:49   The fact that it was, like, asymmetric, it honestly felt like the Lisa was a weird ripoff of the Mac, even though the Mac came second.

00:48:56   I just looked up on the Wikipedia page to confirm the rectangular pixel things, and it did have rectangular pixels.

00:49:01   But do you remember the Macintosh XL?

00:49:03   Yes.

00:49:05   But I don't remember seeing one of those either.

00:49:07   That was a Lisa that ran Macintosh system software.

00:49:11   Yeah, so the Wikipedia page says there was an upgrade kit for Lisa computers that included hardware and software kit, enabling it to reboot into Macintosh mode and display square pixels.

00:49:21   Which is, I don't know how they did that, but.

00:49:24   Yeah, but anyway, like it was the last dying breath of that computer was like, well, the Lisa is dead.

00:49:29   We'll sell it as the Macintosh XL because it's like a really big Mac.

00:49:32   And the cool thing about the Lisa is it had a bigger than nine inch screen on it.

00:49:35   So that's nice.

00:49:35   But that was totally destroyed by the rectangular pixels.

00:49:38   But yeah, I mean, the Lisa got run over by Steve Jobs getting booted off that project and going over to the Mac project.

00:49:44   But a lot of ideas obviously were pulled from Lisa, but you look at Lisa's screenshots and it's like, it's not quite it.

00:49:50   You can see that it kind of looks sort of like the Mac, but all the ideas aren't there.

00:49:54   In the same way that when you look at like a Xerox PARC, like the Alto computer, you're like, well, I recognize this is a graphical user interface, but you haven't solved all the problems.

00:50:02   You haven't figured out a reasonable way to do everything.

00:50:05   A lot of the things they were doing were not going to work like the three button mouse and the way the cursor worked and text selection.

00:50:11   Like they hadn't figured it out yet.

00:50:13   Only the Mac figured all that stuff out for good.

00:50:16   Well enough that essentially everybody just worked like the Mac from that point on.

00:50:20   Even Windows said, well, we're going to do what the Mac does to the degree we can get away with it, given the look and feel lawsuits.

00:50:25   And the places they deviated were like, for deviation's sake, so they could try to avoid lawsuits, which didn't really work, but they would win them anyway.

00:50:32   So it doesn't matter.

00:50:33   Yeah.

00:50:33   All right.

00:50:34   Let me take a break here and thank our second sponsor while I'm thinking about it.

00:50:38   It's our good friends at Factor.

00:50:40   Factor is a get food at home type service, but not meal kits.

00:50:46   It's not like get a bunch of ingredients in a box and then you spend 20 minutes cooking something.

00:50:51   These are pre-made meals that just come in ready to heat up.

00:50:55   And it is a great way to eat healthy, whether you are busy, whether you're often tired, whether you're just you just want to take something out of the fridge and heat it up and eat something good.

00:51:08   That is what Factor does.

00:51:10   I love so many of the meals that I have gotten from Factor.

00:51:14   I love the breakfast stuff, especially, but it's all really good.

00:51:18   They have so many over 100 rotating weekly meals.

00:51:22   So you sign up for a Factor schedule and then every week where you have Factor stuff coming, you go to the website and there are over 100 weekly rotating meals to choose from, from a whole bunch of variety of flavors, Mediterranean, Asian, lots of protein heavy stuff, lots of vegetarian stuff.

00:51:39   If you're not eating meat, they've just recently launched ready to eat salads with all sorts of vibrant ingredients like miso, edamame and all sorts of other stuff.

00:51:51   And they have 70 plus add-ons to round out your nutrition from green juices to peanut butter energy bites.

00:51:57   All of their stuff is ready to eat in two minutes.

00:52:00   They shop, prep, cook and deliver straight to your door, fresh with dry ice in the package to keep everything cold.

00:52:08   So you have more time for everything you love to do this spring.

00:52:12   I use Factor.

00:52:13   I really like it.

00:52:14   I really love the taste and I really love the variety.

00:52:17   Head to factor meals dot com slash talk show 50 off and use that code talk show 50 off to get 50% off and free daily greens per box with new subscription only while supplies last until September 27th, 2026 factor meals dot com slash talk show 50 off.

00:52:42   See their website for more details.

00:52:45   So here's where I have to give you, as I call them, being right points.

00:52:49   And this is one of the differences in our personal computing stories is you latched on to the Mac early and I did not.

00:52:58   Well, that's not a being right point.

00:53:00   That is being lucky enough to because I was nine years old, eight years old.

00:53:04   I was lucky enough to have parents, grandparents and uncles who knew that the Mac exists and collectively convinced each other all to buy them.

00:53:12   So my grandfather got one and convinced and my uncle convinced my parents to get one for me.

00:53:17   So that's kudos to them for doing that.

00:53:19   But I was my being right point is realizing this computer was something special.

00:53:22   I didn't.

00:53:24   But I don't.

00:53:25   We didn't.

00:53:26   We never had one in elementary school.

00:53:27   And then in the middle school, we still didn't have one.

00:53:30   And then in my high school, the computer teacher, Mrs. Spatz, one of the best teachers I ever had, procured one.

00:53:37   And I don't even know what model it was.

00:53:39   Probably an SE, but I don't know.

00:53:41   And there was one and only one Mac in the computer lab in the high school.

00:53:45   And the rest were Apple IIs and including a bunch of 2GSs.

00:53:49   And I've told this story before, but my senior year of high school, she put together like a, I don't even know what we called it.

00:53:56   But I went to a public high school, but it was very small.

00:53:59   We have a graduating class of like 70 students.

00:54:02   But it was a really good public high school for considering its size.

00:54:05   And she was a great computer teacher.

00:54:07   And she put together a class for me and another kid named Zach.

00:54:11   Just the two of us, like an independent study.

00:54:13   I don't think it was AP, but it was just computer programming.

00:54:16   And that's where I learned Pascal instead of basic.

00:54:19   And we had like a computer programming team throughout high school.

00:54:23   I mean, I played sports and I played computer programming.

00:54:25   And I remember we won something.

00:54:28   We got to take a trip to Houston, Texas from the suburbs of Philadelphia.

00:54:32   Pennsylvania for a computer programming guys.

00:54:34   Like we won like a local team, like four or five of us who got to program together.

00:54:39   You'd get like a little sealed book, like taking the SAT.

00:54:43   And it was like, go.

00:54:44   And then you'd open it up and it would be like five programs that you'd have to write from scratch in two hours or 90 minutes or something like that.

00:54:52   She was a great teacher and really encouraged that stuff.

00:54:55   And we, for that senior year, it was like the first day of class.

00:55:00   And it was just me and Zach.

00:55:02   And she was like, well, there's only one Mac.

00:55:04   Which one of you wants it?

00:55:05   And the thing she wanted to show us was HyperCard.

00:55:08   And I did remember thinking, wow, that's really cool.

00:55:11   And I think she was anticipating that we would be arguing over which one of us would use the Mac.

00:55:17   And sort of maybe she was prepared.

00:55:19   I just recall that she was sort of prepared for maybe you could split times on it.

00:55:23   And I was like, I want to be on a 2GS because I wanted color.

00:55:26   I was an idiot.

00:55:27   And that was the first time I ever really saw the Mac.

00:55:29   And I really thought it was cool.

00:55:31   But it did not seem like I couldn't break out of the mindset that a computer was really something that you turned on and just gave you a black screen.

00:55:39   And what you ran defined what you saw.

00:55:41   It seemed weird to me that with the Mac, there was not that I wanted a command line prompt.

00:55:48   But I wanted like a, it just seemed like, well, this is an interesting mode for a computer to be in with this graphical user interface.

00:55:56   But what if you want to do something else?

00:55:57   You know, what if you want to do something that's full screen?

00:56:00   And I didn't see the appeal of it.

00:56:02   So I was like, Zach, you can have it.

00:56:04   And he was like, sure.

00:56:04   And I spent the whole senior year on a 2GS.

00:56:07   And I guess I made some HyperCard stacks during my senior year at some point.

00:56:12   But even then, I remember thinking, boy, HyperCard's weird because it's like an environment in an environment.

00:56:17   Because you weren't making Mac apps.

00:56:20   You were making these HyperCard stacks that ran in HyperCard.

00:56:24   And they were nothing like the other apps.

00:56:26   And it was like the first.

00:56:27   Yeah, they're never going to be able to use a technology like HyperCard to make a full screen experience on the Mac that would become wildly popular.

00:56:32   Right.

00:56:33   It just, it seemed cool.

00:56:34   That was sarcasm.

00:56:35   There's sarcasm tags around that.

00:56:37   I gotcha.

00:56:38   Mist was written in HyperCard.

00:56:40   So little did you know that a full color, full screen, complete immersive experience, one of the most popular ever made at that point in the software industry,

00:56:48   would in fact be made in HyperCard.

00:56:50   Yeah, but you know what's weird is that my mindset had shifted at that point.

00:56:54   I guess I got enough of a taste that senior year of the Mac where I, even then, even though I wasn't using it as my computer in that class,

00:57:03   I got enough of a taste of it where what I would want to write were apps, not games.

00:57:07   I had already started shifting away from thinking I would ever make games on my own.

00:57:12   And it makes sense to me that Mist was an amazing smash hit game that was written in HyperCard, but nobody ever wrote a Mac app that was a smash hit in HyperCard.

00:57:20   Yeah.

00:57:21   And that seemed weird to me.

00:57:23   It was like I kind of got a flavor of what it meant for a Mac app to be a Mac app.

00:57:29   And I kind of got the sense of, oh, HyperCard is really cool because it's super approachable.

00:57:34   And I kind of liked the HyperTalk programming language.

00:57:37   And I liked the way that you could show graphics by just dragging a picked file into the stack.

00:57:42   And you didn't have to do any.

00:57:44   There was no complex thing.

00:57:45   You just dragged it in.

00:57:46   And then you had a picture.

00:57:47   And I was like, this is cool, but it's like an environment in an environment.

00:57:51   It was a reasonable analogy is the Newton is to the iPhone as HyperCard is to the web.

00:57:58   It was a lot of the right ideas, a little bit too early and a little bit too constrained.

00:58:03   And you can see HyperCard is clearly something like the web made by somebody who's starting from the mindset of writing Mac apps with the Mac toolbox and Pascal.

00:58:12   It's like, well, if I could come up with an easier way to do that, that would be great.

00:58:15   And they got the hyperlinking part, right?

00:58:17   Jumping from card to card and the constrained environment is even right.

00:58:21   It could all be in a browser window type of thing.

00:58:23   But like the details were a little bit off and it wasn't quite the right time.

00:58:27   And same thing if you squint to the Newton, you're like, I could see you got most of the pieces there, but like you're years too early.

00:58:32   You don't have the tech for it yet.

00:58:34   And you've gone down a couple of blind alleys with like the handwriting recognition and the stylus and stuff.

00:58:38   But I remember being super into HyperCard as well.

00:58:41   Although your story about which one of you wants to use the Mac and you went to the 2GS because it was color.

00:58:45   It's not the first time your foolish love of color would screw you over.

00:58:48   I know.

00:58:48   I made it.

00:58:49   I still did.

00:58:50   This is you want me to tell the story.

00:58:53   So when I went to Drexel the next year, every freshman had you didn't have to buy a Macintosh, but it was like strongly suggested because you'd have coursework that required to have.

00:59:03   And they had phenomenal education discounts.

00:59:05   I mean, they were like, I think they were like half price, honestly.

00:59:09   And the three options my freshman year, they had three packages and it was like the cheap one was the Mac Classic, which was a real dud of a computer.

00:59:20   I think it was.

00:59:21   Yeah, it was definitely still black and white.

00:59:22   I think.

00:59:23   Yeah.

00:59:23   The color classic was the color one.

00:59:25   The regular color classic.

00:59:26   So it was a Mac Classic and that was obviously not what I wanted.

00:59:29   The Mac LC, which was the low cost.

00:59:32   That's what the LC supposedly stood for, a color computer with a 12 inch, not 13 inch display, which is what I chose.

00:59:40   And the SE30, which is, in my opinion, the best Macintosh ever made.

00:59:45   And it was more expensive.

00:59:47   So I'm not entirely sure my parents would have sprung for the difference.

00:59:52   But just so much more powerful than that LC.

00:59:54   Just so much more.

00:59:55   It's like massively.

00:59:56   The SE30 was the top of the line compact Mac.

01:00:01   The best one you could buy for any amount.

01:00:03   It was a Mac 2X in a box.

01:00:04   And you're like, oh, I see is that monochrome screen.

01:00:06   Little did you know that you could connect a color monitor to it with the card.

01:00:09   But yeah, but I would be it would be years before I could afford any kind of upgrade to the system.

01:00:15   It was it was hard enough to buy a I think that SE30 was way more expensive than the LC.

01:00:22   Although the EDU discounts were amazing.

01:00:23   You're right.

01:00:24   They were amazing.

01:00:24   But it's not like now where you get like, oh, 15% off if you're a college customer.

01:00:28   Then it was ridiculous college discounts.

01:00:30   And speaking of colleges and Macs, I remember when I was looking at schools where I was going to go.

01:00:34   I didn't know what I was looking for in a college.

01:00:36   But the one thing I knew is that I was judging not so secretly, like just right out in the open, judging every school based on what is the Mac situation here.

01:00:44   Did they use Macs?

01:00:45   Did the students use Macs?

01:00:46   Did the classes use like with Drexel?

01:00:48   Like they would have got high.

01:00:49   If I had looked at them, they would have got high marks for saying, oh,

01:00:51   they encourage students to use Macs.

01:00:53   They have classes that require you to have the Macs.

01:00:55   They have amazing Mac labs.

01:00:57   That's the only criteria I was judging schools by.

01:00:59   I ended up going to a school that failed.

01:01:01   I got an F on all those categories.

01:01:02   And it's just as well because what I learned at Boston University was Unix, which is like my second love in computing.

01:01:08   But they had no Mac situation at all.

01:01:11   It took me a while to even find where the Macs were hiding.

01:01:13   I eventually did find them and ended up like getting a job and maintaining the Macs in a lab.

01:01:17   And they also had NextCubes and stuff in the lab.

01:01:19   So it was pretty amazing.

01:01:19   They were there.

01:01:20   But everything you saw when you go on the tour or the giant computing centers was all X terms and VT220s and stuff like that.

01:01:27   Yeah.

01:01:27   No, Drexel was great.

01:01:29   And I knew I liked computers.

01:01:31   And I was so happy that they kind of made it so you had to get a computer.

01:01:34   And so my parents had to buy me a computer.

01:01:36   But I remember getting the pamphlet.

01:01:39   They sent like a very – Drexel sent me a very nice – it might have even been Apple produced.

01:01:44   I don't know.

01:01:44   It was a very nice glossy magazine-style catalog that outlaid the three Macs to choose from.

01:01:51   And it was easy to rule out the classic because it was A, black and white, and obviously inferior to the SE30.

01:01:57   So it was just a question of the LC versus the SE30.

01:02:00   And I thought, well, I want color because I want to play games.

01:02:02   And I didn't really look – it was like, oh, 68020 versus 68030.

01:02:07   What the hell is the difference?

01:02:08   Big difference.

01:02:09   Yeah.

01:02:10   Yeah.

01:02:11   And it didn't even come with the right keyboard.

01:02:13   It came with a particularly shitty keyboard, actually.

01:02:15   Actually, one of the worst keyboards that Apple ever made.

01:02:17   You got the linear arrow keys where it was a line of keys.

01:02:21   Yep.

01:02:21   And they were squishy mechanisms.

01:02:23   Yeah.

01:02:24   And then I won my – and the SE30s at Drexel in 1991 came with the Apple Extended Keyboard 2.

01:02:32   And I believe that I've since learned – again, we could look this up.

01:02:37   But I think when the SE30 first debuted in 1989, it didn't come with an Extended Keyboard 2.

01:02:43   It was an option.

01:02:44   We discussed this over Messages a while ago.

01:02:45   We're going to look at the original price for it.

01:02:47   You had to pay – I don't know if it came with any keyboard.

01:02:49   I think you might have to pay no matter what.

01:02:51   But then the Extended 2 was like – I don't know what it was.

01:02:53   That's what we're trying to look up.

01:02:54   Was it $200?

01:02:55   It was like $160 in 1990.

01:02:58   And that's the – somehow I also got that keyboard with my SE30 as well because I got my SE30 on the EDU discount.

01:03:05   That's my origin story for the SE30 is I – my sister went off to college.

01:03:08   She's four years older than me.

01:03:10   She went off to college when I was entering high school, and she gets a college discount.

01:03:14   That's like I was craving this.

01:03:15   I'm like, I know about Apple college discounts.

01:03:17   You're going to college.

01:03:18   We're going to go to your college bookstore, which is where your computer is.

01:03:21   You go to the college bookstore, and I'm going to see what their – at that point, I had encyclopedic knowledge of like how much is one megabyte RAM DIM going for this week based on the ads in the back of Macworld Magazine.

01:03:31   I knew everything about it.

01:03:32   She went to University of Connecticut and went to their college bookstore.

01:03:35   And I was like, look, Mom, we can get an SE30 with a 40 megabyte hard drive or whatever and an Apple extended two keyboard for X amount of money.

01:03:43   And here's the deal.

01:03:44   We'll get that with this amazing discount, and then we'll give my sister the computer we have at home.

01:03:51   And then the computer we bought at her bookstore, that will be my computer that I'll use at home.

01:03:56   And so she went to college, and we bought an SE30 from her college bookstore, but she didn't get to use it at college.

01:04:03   That was brought back home, and she got to use our original Mac 128 that had been logic board upgraded to a plus, which is a thing that Apple used to offer back in the day.

01:04:11   So she was using a Mac Plus for four years, starting in like, what, 1989?

01:04:15   She's using a Mac Plus at college, and I'm using the SE30 at home.

01:04:18   And you feel no guilt about this whatsoever?

01:04:21   It was one of the most amazing managing up parental moves I've ever done in my entire life.

01:04:27   Like, I cannot believe I pulled that off.

01:04:29   At the age of like 16 or something like that?

01:04:32   Yeah, freshman high school.

01:04:33   Going out of eighth grade, this is parental manipulation at its finest.

01:04:36   I had already been honing the particular parental manipulation deal, which was my birthday is in December.

01:04:41   So I would always essentially combine Christmas and birthday to get a present that was more expensive than all of my siblings.

01:04:48   I'm like, well, it's not just my Christmas present.

01:04:49   It's also my birthday.

01:04:50   That worked to varying degrees, but I did.

01:04:53   My story with that is I wanted to get an externally Android K floppy drive back before the SE30 was out.

01:04:58   So I would have two floppy drives, so I didn't have to swap as much with my motherboard.

01:05:01   I created Mac Plus, and I had to pay for half of that.

01:05:05   I believe it was $450, and I had to pay for like 200 of it or something like that, and combine Christmas and birthday, and that was my one present.

01:05:11   But I saved it up for the SE30.

01:05:13   My look up here says the Apple Extended Keyboard 2 Model M3501 originally retailed for $163 when it was introduced in October 15, 1990, and adjusted for inflation.

01:05:26   That's approximately $400 today.

01:05:28   So Apple still sells equivalent keyboards.

01:05:30   The Magic Keyboards for iPads are roughly $400.

01:05:34   They don't have as many keys, though.

01:05:35   It is funny to think of a $400 equivalent keyboard that was an add-on for an SE30 in today's world where you can, at education pricing, get an entire MacBook Neo for $500.

01:05:47   Yeah.

01:05:48   Well, the SE30 was like, what, $8,000 in today's money starting?

01:05:51   Something like that.

01:05:51   And that's before you even upgraded anything?

01:05:52   So it was in line with the prices that they had.

01:05:55   Yeah.

01:05:56   Well, I, but I, you know, it was a mistake.

01:05:58   I mean, it wasn't the worst mistake.

01:05:59   I regret it, but I did use the hell out of that LC for years and years and loved it and turned it into a career effectively.

01:06:09   I was like, oh, this is by far and away the most interesting thing at this entire university is the computer they just gave me.

01:06:16   But it, I guess to go back in the 80s, it's fascinating to, I guess, I think that there's different ways of defining eras at Apple.

01:06:27   But to me, the cleanest way is just by Steve Jobs.

01:06:34   So I would say era one is 1976 to 1985 when he got booted out of the company.

01:06:41   Then there's the era when he was exiled from the company, 1985 to 1996.

01:06:46   To me, it seems like a continuous era.

01:06:49   And that's sort of, even though the original Macintosh is famous as a Steve Jobs product, when he left, it was what?

01:06:57   I don't even know if the Fat Mac had come out yet.

01:06:59   I mean, the Fat Mac was coming, but I'm not even sure if it was out yet.

01:07:02   I guess maybe it was, but it hadn't even turned into a line of computers yet.

01:07:06   Then there's the Steve Jobs comeback era, 97 through his death in 2011, which feels like a continuous era.

01:07:16   And then I would say the fourth era is the Tim Cook post-Steve Jobs era.

01:07:21   That's how I would look at Apple.

01:07:23   And because of how old we both are, the time dilation effect makes the, between Steve Jobs leaving and him coming back, seem like 8,000 years.

01:07:32   And Tim Cook seems like five years.

01:07:34   And it's not, just because of the age we happen to be, like those early eras seem so long.

01:07:39   We did some of the math recently on ATP of like how long the Mac has been on each processor architecture.

01:07:43   And like, it doesn't fit with my memory of things because, you know, it's, it's so weird how that is.

01:07:49   But yeah, things have stretched out.

01:07:50   And especially if you look at like the graph of Apple's net worth and it's like, well, Steve Jobs saved the company.

01:07:54   And then Tim Cook like quadrupled it.

01:07:56   So like he did this amazing growth from the iPod and like the Steve Jobs, the Jobs 2 era on the graph of like Apple's net worth is like, what are you making the big deal about?

01:08:06   It's clear that this guy did all the work and it's like, no, you don't understand.

01:08:08   It was like, look at, you have to chop off the Tim Cook era.

01:08:11   Now look at the graph.

01:08:12   Doesn't it look more impressive now?

01:08:13   Yes.

01:08:14   The Steve Jobs 97 to 2011 run, if you Bezos chart it and take off the numbers, it had a similar trajectory.

01:08:25   But then when you think about how much harder or how much more unusual it is to keep that going through other orders of magnitude, it suddenly pales.

01:08:35   You know, it's one of those like the animations that zoom out from the molecular level to planets, to solar systems, to galaxies.

01:08:44   It's like at a certain level, you realize that when Steve Jobs died in 2011, Apple was like their entire financials were just, I don't know, a week of sales now.

01:08:54   Yeah.

01:08:55   I mean, the thing is that he had lit the fuse, like he lit the fuse for the iPhone in 2007 and unfortunately died in 2011.

01:09:01   But that fuse was lit and that rocket was burning.

01:09:03   And so not to say that all Tim Cook had to do was not screw it up, but like that, the rocket ship that produced the Tim Cook era was already, it was ignited when Steve Jobs died, which is, you know, a nice place to be for Tim Cook.

01:09:16   We all said that Steve Jobs died or whatever, and it was difficult to take over and fill his shoes and stuff like that.

01:09:20   But he wisely essentially didn't screw up that part of the process.

01:09:23   And the Tim Cook era has changed, I think, towards the tail end, maybe not like Game of Thrones, but in some similar ways, there's some disappointment on my part or whatever.

01:09:31   Yeah, the Jobs 2 era, like, because that era didn't end in a natural way.

01:09:35   It didn't end with him getting kicked out of the company.

01:09:37   It didn't end with him retiring or it ended with his death.

01:09:39   And that was not anything that anyone planned on, and it was a tragedy.

01:09:42   Yeah, and, you know, it's hard because, and you and I were both mid-career commentating on Apple while it happened.

01:09:51   We were very close in observing it.

01:09:53   Not that it leaves a bad taste in your mouth, but it was uncomfortable the last few years because you could see that he wasn't well, right?

01:09:59   I mean, we knew that he had the cancer.

01:10:02   We knew that he'd been on the medical leaves.

01:10:04   We knew when it took towards the end when he needed the transplant, and we could see how gaunt he was.

01:10:10   It was made it uncomfortable, but also, I think, clearly focused his mind.

01:10:18   And I don't know that the iPad would have happened when it did otherwise.

01:10:22   It was, in some ways, again, it's like, it's just a big iPhone.

01:10:27   I don't know why not make it.

01:10:29   But it was like, all I know is everybody I know who was there at the time was that when he came back from his first long medical leave, that all he wanted to do was make the iPad.

01:10:39   And that was pretty much his singular focus until the iPad came out the next year.

01:10:43   Yeah, I've always felt like the iPad was kind of—I don't get a lot of people agreeing with me on this, but I feel like the iPad is what he wished the Mac had been.

01:10:53   The technology to make something as friendly and as simple and useful as the iPad didn't exist when the Mac was made, what that was he was going for.

01:11:00   Like, all—the idea of the Mac, not Raskin's idea of the $500 thing, but, like, Steve Jobs' idea of we're going to make this and this is going to be—or even just the Apple II, like, the computer for the rest of us.

01:11:10   The idea is computers are too hard to use.

01:11:12   We're going to make them friendly and approachable to people.

01:11:14   And their take on that was kind of like Bill Atkinson's HyperCard take on what would eventually become the web.

01:11:19   It's like, I know what you're going for, but you don't quite have it.

01:11:22   Like, you're missing some stuff and it's not your fault because you literally can't do it yet.

01:11:26   But the iPad—I just remember that keynote of him, like, sitting down on the couch.

01:11:29   It's like, finally, this is a computer that anybody can use that is incredibly powerful, that does all sorts of things, and you cannot break it, and it is so friendly.

01:11:39   And it is like—it really fulfilled so many of the ideals of the Mac because the Mac had gone on to not be that.

01:11:44   He left the company.

01:11:45   The reason the Mac exists at all, the reason we're on this podcast is like desktop publishing, Photoshop, stuff that Steve Jobs was not responsible for, for the most part, but that made the Mac a thing.

01:11:54   And that was complicated and powerful, and we had power users.

01:11:57   They called them Power Books and Power Macs, not just because of the Power PC.

01:12:01   That was not the original vision from anybody for the Mac, Raskin's $500 Mac, Steve Jobs is one, but that's what the Mac became.

01:12:09   And I felt good about seeing the iPad, even though the world had passed by, and even though I was more interested in the Mac than the iPad, that it basically had done it.

01:12:17   That Apple had produced the computer for the rest of us, which is the thing that we give to toddlers now, so they can safely play in a computing environment with their applications that they touch.

01:12:26   Right.

01:12:26   There was famously the story that the original Macintosh did not have any capacity for expansion cards, and then it kind of secretly did, like what Burrell Smith put in it.

01:12:37   Yeah, they did the typical thing, which is just secretly ignore your boss and do what you think is right.

01:12:42   So that's why an original Macintosh could be upgraded to a fat Mac.

01:12:47   But the fact that they had to sneak it in was so Steve Jobs that he didn't want any expansion cards, and at the time, so antithetical to the entire rest of the personal computing industry.

01:13:02   Including Apple II.

01:13:03   Apple II had expansion cards out the wazoo.

01:13:06   It was almost what defined the platform, was its expandability and the way that Waz had designed it.

01:13:13   Waz was always designing for himself, and it's like, hey, what would I have wanted to make an awesome computer?

01:13:18   Well, if somebody could already give me a computer that worked and was pretty cool, and then I could just put cards in on top of it to make it even better, that's what I would want.

01:13:27   Oh, that's the computer I'll make.

01:13:28   I'll make a computer that is just sitting here with these slots where you can make your own things that I've never thought of, and you can add them to the computer.

01:13:36   And no better way of seeing the difference between the two Steves, where Steve Jobs was already looking at, no, we're going to seal this up.

01:13:46   And we're going to use, again, already with the special screws so that people couldn't even try to look inside.

01:13:53   And it was too soon, right?

01:13:57   It was too soon to have a computer that didn't have expandability.

01:14:00   Yeah, the computer industry was moving too fast at that point.

01:14:03   You couldn't lock something in stone like that.

01:14:05   Right.

01:14:06   I just think of how much I used to know about SCSI.

01:14:10   And some of it, I actually did understand, no, no, this is why you have to terminate the SCSI here, otherwise it's not going to work.

01:14:17   And then there were other things that did just seem like voodoo.

01:14:20   Like what order you have to turn the devices on for your thing successfully.

01:14:23   Yes, exactly.

01:14:24   You've got to turn on ID3 first, then ID1 and ID7, or ID2 and ID7, rather.

01:14:29   And you'd sit down at somebody, some other Macintosh, like at a print shop or some place where it wasn't yours, but you had to go there to print something in color or whatever.

01:14:39   And there'd be like a sticky note on the computer telling you to turn on the devices in this order.

01:14:44   And you had to know how to turn them on.

01:14:47   You couldn't just leave them running because nobody left their computers running.

01:14:51   Yeah, there was no disk sleep.

01:14:52   No.

01:14:53   They're on and spinning and loud.

01:14:56   Shut down was something you did every day.

01:14:59   You'd shut down.

01:14:59   Some people, Snell still does that.

01:15:01   I haven't shut down my Mac.

01:15:04   I know.

01:15:04   I shut it down when I go on vacation for more than a few days.

01:15:07   I'm not sure I've ever, I've owned this MacBook Pro since early 2021.

01:15:15   No, no, no.

01:15:15   I guess, I don't know when the hell it came out.

01:15:18   But whatever, in 2021 when I bought it, I'm not sure I've ever shut it down.

01:15:21   To be honest, I think it's been effectively running continuously for five years.

01:15:28   Sleeping often, but no, you used to shut down and you'd have to turn not just your computer on, but all of your various SCSI devices.

01:15:37   I would do that multiple times a day with my computer setup because every time I was done using the computer, I would shut everything down.

01:15:42   And then an hour later, I would go back in and use the computer again, turn everything on, wait for the interminal boot process just over and over.

01:15:47   That's how you use computers.

01:15:48   It seemed totally normal.

01:15:50   That's what kept the Mac alive in those periods was that it blossomed into a platform that was in many ways contrary to that Steve Jobs original vision from 1984.

01:16:00   Yeah, I mean, it's still tied into the vision of his creative professionals who will be able to do things that they couldn't.

01:16:05   This would empower creative professionals to do a thing.

01:16:08   That was in there as well.

01:16:09   But the simplicity in the computer, part of the computer for the rest of us thing, if you watch the old Steve Jobs talks when he was very young and everything,

01:16:16   they were still stuck on the idea that people would write programs.

01:16:21   Yeah.

01:16:21   Like you mentioned it with the basic stuff.

01:16:23   And that, no matter how easy you made programming back then, that was just never going to happen, right?

01:16:28   You wanted to empower them to do things that, you know, well, this computer can do anything, don't you see?

01:16:32   You can write, and it's a general purpose computer.

01:16:34   You can write a program to do anything.

01:16:35   If you have a problem with your business, you can write a program to solve the problem for your business.

01:16:39   And the answer is no, you can't because not everyone's a programmer.

01:16:41   And that vision was encompassed in the Mac in a different way.

01:16:46   HyperCard mostly encompasses it of like, look, you're not going to write a Mac toolbox app.

01:16:50   We understand that.

01:16:51   But HyperCard can give you a way to make a HyperCard stack that can run your business.

01:16:54   They were leaning in that direction.

01:16:56   But like, that turned out to not be, that was never going to happen.

01:17:00   And if you were heavily into computers in California in the 70s, and you're at the Homebrew Computer Club, you're like, yeah, everyone's going to write programs, man.

01:17:06   And just, it was never going to be the reality.

01:17:09   Well, you don't understand, everyone else is an old fogey now.

01:17:11   They're all squares.

01:17:12   But when the new kids are born, everyone will be a programmer.

01:17:14   And I guess, thankfully, that is not the case.

01:17:17   I mean, maybe we're starting that phase again with the LLM things.

01:17:20   But back then, the answer was that everyone is not going to be a programmer.

01:17:23   No, it definitely wasn't.

01:17:25   And you never know, right?

01:17:28   It's like, I don't know.

01:17:29   Like when HBO first took off, it was like, man, this is how everybody's going to watch TV.

01:17:34   You pay a couple bucks for a specific channel, and there's no commercial interruptions.

01:17:38   And HBO is still around.

01:17:40   It's probably changed hands more times than any TV channel in history.

01:17:44   But it's never been the case that more than like ever, like 5% of the U.S. population, 5% or 10% had HBO, right?

01:17:53   Like, it's just not something that most people are like, oh, yes, that would be nice not to have commercials interrupt the movie that wasn't meant to have commercials.

01:18:02   But no, I'm not paying extra for it.

01:18:05   And that was the story of the rest of us, right?

01:18:07   It's like people could look at the Macintosh and say, boy, that is a neat looking computer.

01:18:11   And you're like, look at the fact that the screen is white and the characters are black.

01:18:15   And that's how it will look if you print it out.

01:18:19   That's amazing.

01:18:19   All these other computers have a black screen with white text.

01:18:22   Like part of the WYSIWYG was the fact that it was black pixels on a white background.

01:18:27   And they're like, yes, I get that.

01:18:28   And then they'd go buy a PC, right?

01:18:31   Because it was less money.

01:18:32   And it was what they had at their desk at work.

01:18:36   And if they brought a floppy disk home from work, they could put it in the PC at home and it would work.

01:18:40   And that was it.

01:18:41   But there was an us who it was the computer for, right?

01:18:46   The people who notice things like the pixels obviously should be square, not rectangular.

01:18:52   And also noticing like that there was no Scooby-Doo reveal where you take off the mask.

01:18:57   There was nothing underneath it.

01:18:58   Like from your perspective, the base level was what you were seeing.

01:19:01   This computer was the GUI.

01:19:03   It wasn't like a program that you ran on top of DOS.

01:19:06   There was nothing underneath there.

01:19:08   And because there was nothing underneath there, there was no user serviceable parts.

01:19:12   And I don't mean that from a hardware perspective.

01:19:13   I mean, if you needed to do something to quote unquote fix your computer, you did it by dragging crap around in the finder.

01:19:19   There's no point where you were firing up a command line or editing registry keys or anything like that.

01:19:24   There was ResEdit, but that was a GUI app.

01:19:27   Right.

01:19:27   This was the base reality was the GUI on the Mac.

01:19:30   And it was relentless and 100% consistent and totally convincing.

01:19:34   And no one seemed interested in even doing that because they thought, we just need to have Windows in a menu.

01:19:41   And it's like, no, there's more to it than that.

01:19:43   It's the fact that this is the base reality.

01:19:44   And this computer on your computer, the base reality is DOS.

01:19:47   And you have to know that's the base reality.

01:19:50   Hell, if you don't have it auto-booting into Windows, you have to type when to even get to Windows.

01:19:54   And then you're going to be down there playing your DOS games or messing with all sorts of config files and stuff like that.

01:19:59   The fact that the Macintosh was thought through all the way to the bottom so that like any kind of diagnostic mode you would boot into.

01:20:08   I forget some of the things like if you had to boot up with.

01:20:11   The debugger, the programmer switch that you had, the interrupt switch, that brought up a dialogue, a graphical dialogue.

01:20:16   Where granted you typed commands that set memory addresses and stuff, but like it was still a GUI.

01:20:23   It wasn't like, oh, and all of a sudden some black text goes over.

01:20:26   That was one of the startling things about Mac OS X was like when it would kernel panic and you would see like text going across the screen before they had the nice kernel panic screen.

01:20:34   It was like, we're not in Kansas anymore.

01:20:36   Like the world did move on.

01:20:37   But for what seemed like a very long time there, the Mac proved that you could have a computer where the base reality was the GUI and you never needed to deal with the command line.

01:20:43   And that was important back then because every other computer required you to deal with that crap to make your computer work.

01:20:49   And now our phones are running Unix, but you never on the phone have to deal with command line crap.

01:20:54   It's there, but you never see it.

01:20:56   And so that the phone and the iPad are the current versions of the base reality is what you see here.

01:21:01   You will never be asked to do command line stuff.

01:21:04   And on the phone, we won't even let you.

01:21:05   I just remember for years then at the height of like when the whole industry had settled down to Mac versus Windows or Mac versus DOS.

01:21:15   I guess it spans the era where it started as an argument about command line interfaces versus graphical interfaces.

01:21:23   Yeah, only toy computers have mice.

01:21:24   And then it turned into like the side that had previously been arguing that command line interfaces were a man's computer and graphical user interfaces were baby computers.

01:21:36   Even when it became Mac versus Windows, they conveniently forgot that they were on that side before.

01:21:41   But even then, you'd boot up a Windows PC and you'd see streams of DOS diagnostic messages.

01:21:49   You'd see the bio screen before anything.

01:21:51   And I check or whatever.

01:21:52   Yeah, all sorts of stuff like that.

01:21:54   And most people I knew, including me when I had jobs in college that involved PCs, would set it so that it wouldn't launch Windows automatically.

01:22:01   It would start at a DOS prompt in case you wanted to do something in DOS first.

01:22:06   And then you would type win, which I always thought was, I don't feel like I'm winning using this computer at work.

01:22:12   Yeah, I've always thought that was in the Mac PC wars.

01:22:15   All those PC users typing win over and over again.

01:22:18   The psychic energy that was putting out into the world was crushing my beloved Apple.

01:22:22   Yes.

01:22:23   They were going to win.

01:22:24   And I remember thinking, too, the people who made this, they were just lazy.

01:22:28   They weren't even thinking about the fact that it was a win.

01:22:31   They just didn't want to make you type Windows.

01:22:32   Yeah, there's a mindset.

01:22:35   But as much as Steve Jobs was wrong about some of the stuff like the expansion cards and who knows what would have happened with the Mac if things had gone differently personality wise with the other executives and John Scully and if Steve Jobs had somehow never gone into exile outside Apple.

01:22:52   But parts of what made the Mac in that era were clearly led by him and they were different from the Lisa, the square pixels instead of rectangular pixels.

01:23:06   It's kind of like when Tim Cook took over because so he gets booted out in 85, but he's let the fuse on the Mac and his ideas about the Mac and lack of expandability were wrong.

01:23:16   But his taste about the base reality of the Mac should be that consistent gooey and his taste about how it should be artistic and clean or whatever.

01:23:24   He's gone, but he has instilled the entire Mac team with that ethos to such a degree that I feel like the run from after he's booted out until a couple of years before he comes back is the best run of the Mac.

01:23:36   Everyone hates on that.

01:23:37   Like, oh, in the 90s, they made too many Mac miles and John Scully was bad and blah, blah, blah.

01:23:40   No, that's the era of the Mac 2 FX, the SE30.

01:23:45   That is the heyday of the Mac, and it's powered by essentially his decisions and taste.

01:23:50   He's gone, but his decisions and taste leave on, and that Mac team, there's no way in hell that Mac team is going to allow the Mac to be sullied with all the stuff that we think is bad.

01:23:58   And then combined with Jean-Louis Gasset saying, you've got to add slots, man.

01:24:02   We've got to make a big, powerful computer.

01:24:04   We're going to have separate monitors, a single-page display, a dual-page 21.

01:24:08   That's all stuff that didn't seem like Steve Jobs was interested in but was required to make the Mac become what it would eventually become.

01:24:14   And he needed to not be there for that because I think his ideas were bad and would not have been successful.

01:24:19   But the fact that he set this foundation so well allowed the Mac to go on to success without losing its spirit for such a long time before he even came back.

01:24:31   He's gone for years, and the Mac is so thoroughly still like, but no matter what, there's going to be no command line.

01:24:36   It's going to be clean.

01:24:37   Everything's going to be neat.

01:24:39   The pixels are going to be beautiful.

01:24:40   When we add color, we're going to add it in a beautiful, tasteful way.

01:24:43   It's not going to be garish like Windows 3.1 or whatever.

01:24:45   It's just kind of a miracle.

01:24:48   Even the diagnostic messages were graphical, so you'd boot it up, and it showed the Happy Mac so early in the boot process because it was in the ROM.

01:24:58   It wasn't even gotten to the point where it could read from a disk, but it would show you the Happy Mac in a graphic, and not in a mode that looked different from what you were going to see.

01:25:08   The pixels weren't fatter.

01:25:09   It was the full resolution.

01:25:11   It showed a perfect little Happy Mac icon.

01:25:14   And if something went wrong, and unfortunately due to the rather shaky dependability of floppy disks and even hard disks of the time, oftentimes something would go wrong while you were starting up.

01:25:26   It wouldn't just dump a bunch of text on screen.

01:25:28   It would show you a sad Mac with X's for eyes.

01:25:31   And some nice sound.

01:25:33   Yes.

01:25:33   Whatever the sad noise is.

01:25:35   Eventually the Macs had like breaking glass sounds, the later one.

01:25:38   Right.

01:25:38   Remember that?

01:25:39   Yeah, I do remember that.

01:25:41   I've used them so much during that era that I'm familiar with all of the sickening feelings that come from seeing such things.

01:25:48   But, I mean, can you even imagine Apple today having a Mac that is in a bad – maybe there – is there still a Mac with X's for eyes that comes up if something – like a kernel panic or something like that?

01:25:58   I don't think so.

01:25:58   I think they've gotten rid of all that stuff long ago.

01:26:00   Although they still – it's one of the things that has carried over.

01:26:03   Obviously the Mac is – and all of Apple's platforms are now Unix-based and as opposed to the old Mac days where the base reality was the GUI, the base reality is now obviously Unix.

01:26:12   But Apple works really hard even today to make sure that is hidden from you.

01:26:18   Again, phones are running Unix.

01:26:19   Do you think anyone who has an iPhone knows anything about Unix?

01:26:21   No, you never see it.

01:26:23   Even in a totally dead state starting from zero, the first thing you see on that screen is a white Apple logo.

01:26:29   You do not see text.

01:26:30   You don't see a memory check.

01:26:31   You don't see BIOS.

01:26:32   You don't see Unix stuff.

01:26:33   You don't see firmware.

01:26:34   You don't see any of that.

01:26:35   Same thing with the Macs.

01:26:36   When they boot, they try to keep screen flickering to a minimum.

01:26:40   They try to be smart about resolution.

01:26:41   Everything you see is graphical before it even finds the boot disk, the diagnostic modes.

01:26:46   They've done all sorts of trickery to do that.

01:26:47   It's not ROM chips anymore, but they've done everything they can to maintain that, which like why?

01:26:52   Does that make a Mac any better to use?

01:26:55   Would it kill you to have on this really fancy Unix workstation some Unix stuff?

01:26:58   But the Mac ethos is no.

01:27:01   You will never see that crap when you turn this thing on.

01:27:03   It's graphics from moment one.

01:27:05   And if you want to dive down into the terminal, it's there, but you never have to see it.

01:27:11   Maybe slightly less so on the Mac these days, because if you end up doing a default right command, you feel like, well, I had to do this.

01:27:16   But I think that's more of like, on the classic Mac, you wouldn't have been able to do this at all.

01:27:20   So just be glad you have any way to do it.

01:27:22   But in general, you don't ever have to see that if you don't want to.

01:27:24   Which does make it, it's just kind of odd that, not odd, because somebody was eventually programming on the Mac and on the Lisa.

01:27:33   But it was weird that having 80 characters of monospace type on the screen defined the pixel dimensions of the screen.

01:27:40   And that's why Monaco 9, I think Monaco 10 fit 80 columns too.

01:27:46   But Monaco 9 is the classic, that era, monospaced Mac font.

01:27:52   And you just almost never saw it.

01:27:54   Whereas if another company had made the first graphical user interface, most of the programs you ran would have been things that just were in Monaco 9, just command line interfaces running in a window.

01:28:07   And you almost never saw Monaco.

01:28:10   Most users, it was one of the least seen fonts that they encountered, because you didn't need monospace type.

01:28:17   And the fact that all the other fonts on the system were proportional was, for a time, a unique thing on the Macintosh.

01:28:25   There were no proportional fonts on other computers.

01:28:27   Yeah, I think I recall even seeing some programming stuff done in proportional fonts back then, because, of course, you could.

01:28:33   There's nothing stopping you other than it's not traditionally done.

01:28:35   Although, speaking of programming for the Mac, that reminds me of something from the...

01:28:39   I just watched half of this podcast before I came on, so I also want to talk about another podcast.

01:28:43   But the one you did, the version history one,

01:28:46   you were talking about how the original Mac had no arrow keys.

01:28:48   On the keyboard.

01:28:49   As all...

01:28:51   Yeah, had no arrow keys on the keyboard.

01:28:52   As all podcast listeners do, I feel like I need to participate in the podcast that I'm listening to and interject.

01:28:57   But you can't, because it's recorded, and you're hearing it.

01:28:59   It's already happened.

01:29:00   But here I am.

01:29:01   The privilege I have is I can now interject in real time and say,

01:29:04   the point I would have brought up in that section, you hit all the major points,

01:29:07   but the one point that was missed by all three hosts was...

01:29:09   So there's no...

01:29:10   The original Mac didn't have arrow keys on the keyboard.

01:29:11   Steve Jobs wanted everyone to use the mouse, and they didn't...

01:29:14   They were afraid if you didn't force people to use the mouse, they would just use the arrow keys.

01:29:17   Well, now you don't have any arrow keys, so you've got to use the mouse to move the insertion point,

01:29:20   and you're going to learn how to use this computer.

01:29:22   The most important feature of the lack of arrow keys on the original Mac

01:29:26   was it prevented software developers from writing programs that required the arrow key.

01:29:31   Because you just can't write.

01:29:32   You can't write.

01:29:33   You could.

01:29:33   There's nothing stopping you on the Mac to write a program that looks like a DOS program.

01:29:36   But guess what?

01:29:37   There's no arrow keys on the keyboard.

01:29:38   What the heck are you going to do?

01:29:39   Make people use VI keys?

01:29:41   No one's going to do that.

01:29:42   It was to prevent software developers from their old habits of saying,

01:29:46   no, you cannot write a program like Lotus 1-2-3 for DOS.

01:29:50   You can't port Lotus 1-2-3 from DOS here.

01:29:53   We're not.

01:29:53   Our users don't have arrow keys on their keyboards.

01:29:56   Do you understand?

01:29:56   It's a no-go.

01:29:57   So, like, the users, that's one thing, but it was developers.

01:30:01   Prevent developers from potentially bringing shovelware to the Mac.

01:30:04   I think it was called Apple Works.

01:30:06   It was the suite of, like, a word processor spreadsheet database for the Apple II platform that Apple itself made.

01:30:13   And I think it was like you'd launch the program and you'd use the arrow keys to be like,

01:30:17   do you want a new document, a database, or a spreadsheet?

01:30:20   And it was like up, down, return.

01:30:22   Because how else were you going to pick?

01:30:26   I don't know.

01:30:26   And as a kid, like, I had not ingrained arrow key text editing things or whatever.

01:30:31   So, when I got Mac right, placing the insertion point with the mouse seemed like second nature to me.

01:30:38   And I remember when I got my first Mac keyboard with the arrow keys, I'm like, oh, I guess this is easier.

01:30:45   Because for years, because I got the Mac 128, the original Macintosh.

01:30:48   And then that was motherboard, logic board upgraded to a plus, which was a thing that Apple offered.

01:30:53   Officially, you could take in your 128 and say, I'll give you, like, $1,100 and rip out the guts.

01:30:58   And they would replace the logic board, the analog circuit board, and the floppy drive.

01:31:03   But they would leave the CRT in the front case in there.

01:31:05   And then you'd effectively have a plus for less money than a plus.

01:31:07   But I still had the 128 keyboard that didn't have any arrow keys on it.

01:31:11   So now I'm using the plus.

01:31:12   Still no arrow keys.

01:31:13   I think the first arrow keys I got on my computer was the SE30 with the extended keyboard, too.

01:31:18   And it's like, wow.

01:31:19   This makes text editing so much easier.

01:31:23   I think I brought this up on version history, but I'll say it again.

01:31:27   Like, in recent Apple history, there was, and I participated, and I fired my opinion very strongly when Apple shifted their own MacBook keyboards to have full-height left and right arrow keys,

01:31:42   as opposed to the upside-down T arrangement of arrow keys, where the left and right are half-height, even though there's nothing above them.

01:31:51   And it's a perfectly cromulent design, and there's a lot for all the ways that many laptops are just MacBook Air ripoffs from PC makers.

01:32:00   There's a lot of laptops out there that have the full-height left and right keys.

01:32:05   But of all the ways that you can arrange arrow keys on a keyboard, the difference between the exact same arrangement,

01:32:15   but whether left and right are full-height or half-height with a gap above them,

01:32:20   is one of the most minor agreements.

01:32:21   But we went nuts when Apple went to full-height left and right arrow keys, like, eight or nine years ago.

01:32:27   And then they were like, it's one of those ways where Apple still shows us that sometimes they'll listen, and they, like, were, never mind.

01:32:34   And we went back to the half-height ones.

01:32:36   But when you look back at the early Mac keyboards, A, the first one didn't have any arrow keys at all.

01:32:42   But then, B, there were the goofy ones like my LC, whatever, shit-ass keyboard, that had left, right, up, down.

01:32:50   Yeah, I don't even remember what order it went in, but whatever order it was not the order you thought,

01:32:54   because you had to look at the keycaps and go, where is the left and where is the right?

01:32:57   I think it went left, right, up, down.

01:33:01   Are they going to have to pull up a screenshot?

01:33:03   The thing about the full-height arrow keys, like, that whole cycle of change is so emblematic of the Apple of that day.

01:33:14   Because, all right, so Johnny Ive is there.

01:33:17   You can see why they do the full-height left and right.

01:33:19   You can see why they do it, because it looks nicer.

01:33:21   It's uniform, it looks nicer, what are you using that space for anyway?

01:33:24   Absolutely looks nicer.

01:33:25   Right?

01:33:25   So it's a form over function there.

01:33:27   And there's like, well, the function, like, I'm sure people argue, you know, you can feel for the keys when it's half-height, blah, blah, blah.

01:33:31   And they're like, well, we're just going to do this.

01:33:33   And people complained, and so they switched it back.

01:33:35   So you could look at that and say, okay, they did a little form over function thing.

01:33:38   You understand why they did it.

01:33:39   It did actually look nicer.

01:33:40   Arguably, the left and right keys felt better, but it turns out feeling for the gaps is more important.

01:33:44   But the bigger picture of this is, hey, you could have full-size inverted T without jamming them up like that if you give up the perfect rectangle of the keyboard.

01:33:57   Tons of PC laptop keyboards did it.

01:34:00   You just move that inverted T down a little bit, and guess what?

01:34:02   You get the best of both worlds.

01:34:03   You got gaps that you can feel for.

01:34:05   You got full-size left, right, up, and down.

01:34:07   Our keys, just like on a desktop keyboard.

01:34:09   Isn't that great?

01:34:10   Well, come now.

01:34:11   We're not going to break the rectangle of the keyboard.

01:34:13   We'll go back and forth on this half-height arrow key thing.

01:34:16   Why is this even an issue?

01:34:17   Like, half-height keys suck.

01:34:18   Why are you doing this?

01:34:19   It's like, we cannot break the rectangle.

01:34:21   Like, we can only go so far here in the Johnny Ive design ethos.

01:34:25   Like, it becomes unharmonious as an object if we ever break that rectangle.

01:34:29   And PC makers are like, screw it.

01:34:30   We'll move those keys down half a row.

01:34:32   We'll move them down three-quarters of a row.

01:34:33   We'll move them down a full.

01:34:34   We don't care.

01:34:34   We don't care if it's symmetrical.

01:34:36   We don't care about beauty.

01:34:37   If you buy a big enough PC laptop, you can still get a numeric keyboard over there.

01:34:41   Yeah, no, we'll put keys anywhere.

01:34:42   Whatever, we don't care.

01:34:44   We'll do the butterfly keyboard, like the original IBM butterfly keyboard that folded out.

01:34:48   Do you remember that one?

01:34:48   Laptop, and it would go whoop.

01:34:50   I do.

01:34:50   Yeah.

01:34:52   But with the laptops that have a numeric keypad, your hands are so far off-center, and they're

01:34:58   like, well, so what?

01:34:59   Yeah.

01:35:00   The PC market would try everything, but it's just part of the Apple ethos.

01:35:06   There is some wiggle room between form and function, but there's also a line that we won't

01:35:11   cross, and that's the keyboard is a rectangle.

01:35:13   I'm sorry.

01:35:14   When Apple came out with the full-height left and right arrow keys, I was instantly disappointed

01:35:19   because I knew that I like reaching for the gap, and I thought, I don't think I'm going

01:35:23   to like that.

01:35:24   But I at least thought maybe, and I had the thought you did, which I think is almost certainly

01:35:30   true, that at the height of Johnny Ives' personal influence within the company, the way that

01:35:36   the keyboard just looks when you're looking down at it was given more value than elsewhere.

01:35:42   And so I wasn't surprised by the change.

01:35:45   If they made a keyboard where the whole arrow key arrangement was full-height keys, and I'm

01:35:51   looking at a MacBook Air, as I talk to you right now, there is room for those keys there.

01:35:56   Oh, there's plenty of room.

01:35:56   Yeah.

01:35:57   Because the arrow keys, even with the very large trackpad they have today, there's plenty

01:36:02   of room underneath the arrow keys for a row of height, a row of...

01:36:06   I mean, even remember one of my first PowerBook reviews for Ars Technica, I was reviewing like

01:36:10   the seven, taking a picture of the 17-inch PowerBook, and it used the same keyboard as the 12-inch?

01:36:15   Yes.

01:36:16   You remember that?

01:36:16   Yes, yes.

01:36:17   I mean, part of that is part saving, but it's like you have like a dinner plate, you have a

01:36:20   lunch tray here, and it's the same keyboard as the 12-inch.

01:36:23   You could fit a numeric keypad.

01:36:25   You could fit full-size arrow keys that are offset into an...

01:36:28   You could fit a...

01:36:28   You could fit so much more on there like, nope, same keyboard as the 12-inch.

01:36:32   And think about what it would look like.

01:36:33   It would look terrible.

01:36:34   And there's...

01:36:35   Yeah, that's just...

01:36:36   It was not going to...

01:36:36   It was not going to fly.

01:36:37   They'll see you on your form versus function stuff, but only up to a point.

01:36:40   All right.

01:36:41   I'm going to take a break here.

01:36:42   Thank our third sponsor today, and it's our good friends at Notion AI.

01:36:47   Notion AI is the all-in-one AI powered by your work and all in one place.

01:36:53   It automatically captures meeting notes, instantly finds the exact content you need, drafts detailed

01:37:00   docs for you, and lets you chat with the best AI models.

01:37:03   Notion AI just became twice as powerful for teams, making it the best AI tool for work.

01:37:10   I can't emphasize this enough, and Notion is a great notes app, a personal information

01:37:15   manager, if you want to call it that, to go back to like a term from the 80s.

01:37:18   And you can and do, a lot of people do, use it by themselves, but I think where Notion really

01:37:24   sings is in use in companies and team-type settings.

01:37:29   And instead of having your notes and your documents over here, and then using AI chatbots in a separate

01:37:37   app over there and dragging things over and saying, here, these are my notes for this or that.

01:37:41   With Notion AI, it already knows all of the context of everything that's in your Notion database and

01:37:50   data store, all right there.

01:37:52   So for meeting notes, man, every idea, every decision, and every next step just gets captured

01:37:59   automatically in Notion.

01:38:01   Somebody takes the notes in Notion from a meeting, and they can be put to work right

01:38:05   away.

01:38:06   You can capture anything and turn it into organized searchable notes, everything from group meetings

01:38:12   to one-on-one conversations, lectures, even podcast episodes.

01:38:16   If there's a podcast that's applicable to your team's work, give it to Notion.

01:38:20   Put it into Notion, and Notion can summarize it, and then the whole team can query the AI

01:38:26   for stuff about what happened in the episode of the podcast that's there.

01:38:29   There's no need for meeting bots, and it works on any meeting platform, Zoom, Google Meet, whatever

01:38:36   you use, or just with your computer's system audio.

01:38:39   Transcription and summaries are automatically saved in Notion, so your notes are searchable.

01:38:44   So all you have to do is open Notion during a meeting and record, and everything just gets

01:38:49   transcribed automatically.

01:38:50   You can find any past idea, insight, or decision alongside all of your other information.

01:38:55   And they've got all the slash commands that everybody loves in Notion.

01:38:59   Type slash meet on any Notion page, for example, on desktop or mobile, and you just get started

01:39:05   automatically.

01:39:06   Just type slash meet, and if a meeting breaks out, there you are, ready to record.

01:39:11   Where do you go to find out more?

01:39:13   Check out Notion, the best AI tool for work, right now at Notion.com slash talk show.

01:39:20   That's all lowercase letters.

01:39:22   They want me to emphasize that.

01:39:23   Apparently, their system doesn't work if you mix in uppercase.

01:39:26   Notion.com, N-O-T-I-O-N.com slash talk show.

01:39:31   All lowercase letters to try the powerful all-in-one Notion AI today.

01:39:35   And when you use that link, you're supporting the show.

01:39:38   Notion.com slash talk show.

01:39:41   You mentioned ResEdit earlier.

01:39:42   I don't know.

01:39:43   I don't know if I can pick one best Mac app of all time or Apple app of all time, but I

01:39:48   would put ResEdit in the Hall of Fame for sure.

01:39:51   And perhaps it's something that was in the spirit infused from Steve Jobs' original vision,

01:39:57   but maybe he wouldn't have liked the way that ResEdit was used by everyone.

01:40:02   I certainly had a lot of fun with ResEdit.

01:40:05   It was as close as you could get to seeing some of the machinery behind things.

01:40:08   But of course, it was another GUI app.

01:40:10   And the closest you got, I think there was like, when you opened an application, the list

01:40:15   of resources with their like one, the four letter codes or whatever, the 32-bit codes, that was

01:40:21   a Mac window with the scroll bar.

01:40:23   But it just had, and it was a list window, but it just had text.

01:40:26   I think it was like Geneva 12 or something or whatever the heck it was, or Geneva 10.

01:40:30   It was just text.

01:40:32   And it was one of the few places on the Mac that you could see a list of text with no icon

01:40:39   stuff next to it.

01:40:40   And it was like, whoa, now we're really getting down to it.

01:40:42   And when you opened up the resources, they had little icons for your ICL8 resources for your

01:40:48   icons or whatever, and WND for your windows and stuff.

01:40:51   Like there was icons for other parts of it, but it was like as nerdy as you could get.

01:40:55   And of course, it was just the resource fork.

01:40:56   There was a code resource where like the compiled binary was of it.

01:41:00   You know, I didn't, I didn't have a disassembler, but if you just wanted to change what every

01:41:04   single sprite looked like in Crystal Quest, ResEdit, you could do it.

01:41:06   You just make it copy of Crystal Quest, modify it.

01:41:09   I made my own custom versions of all sorts of games using the magic of ResEdit or try to

01:41:13   do like local cheats on games by changing values in ResEdit.

01:41:16   But yeah, I still felt like I was at a remove because at that point I didn't understand programming.

01:41:20   Like I knew a little bit of basic, but I didn't really get it.

01:41:23   And unlike your school, my high school did not have any programming classes.

01:41:26   The closest I got to a computer class in high school was I took an elective.

01:41:30   Where we basically played a flight simulator on Apple IIs, which was terrible.

01:41:34   And this is like in the early 90s.

01:41:35   I'm on an Apple II in the early 90s.

01:41:37   Like it was incredibly terrible.

01:41:39   So I didn't understand programming, but ResEdit let me at least tinker with my computer in a

01:41:44   way that made me feel tech nerdy.

01:41:46   And that would impress us to my friends.

01:41:47   You could say, you know, like the SNL ad.

01:41:49   Do you remember this one?

01:41:50   The power to crush the other kids?

01:41:52   Yes, yes.

01:41:53   It shows a picture of like the pubic library.

01:41:55   It says it used to say public.

01:41:56   I changed it.

01:41:57   Changing the public library to the pubic library is impressive.

01:42:00   to your school friends at that time.

01:42:02   And basically using ResEdit to mangle games was impressive to people at the time of like,

01:42:07   oh, you're really hacking your computer there or whatever language we would have used at the

01:42:10   time.

01:42:10   So I did spend a lot of quality time with ResEdit.

01:42:12   But if I had to pick my favorite Mac program, it's two-way tie.

01:42:16   First is MacPaint, which I just spent a tremendous amount.

01:42:19   Like when we first got the Mac, it might as well have just been a MacPaint machine.

01:42:22   That's all I did was MacPaint.

01:42:23   Like just forever and ever and ever.

01:42:25   Just every ounce of that program, every feature, everything you could possibly do with it.

01:42:29   I just use MacPaint forever.

01:42:30   And then the second is Finder, the classic Mac Finder.

01:42:33   If I had to pick one, I would probably pick the Finder just because like many programs have

01:42:37   come after MacPaint that have bettered it in terms of graphic excellence, in terms of making

01:42:41   bitmapped art.

01:42:42   Nothing has come after the Finder that has done a better job of providing the interface to the

01:42:47   stuff on your computer than the original classic Finder.

01:42:50   That's one of the things that was lost in the transition.

01:42:52   A couple of things we lost.

01:42:53   We lost being able to name files, whatever we wanted, and we lost the classic Mac Finder

01:42:56   that has attributes that seem not to be valued or understood by anybody in the modern era and

01:43:01   yet are embodied by tons of stuff on the phone.

01:43:04   I mean, the freaking springboard is 100% a spatial Finder, albeit a very bad one.

01:43:08   But like those attributes are valued by people, but they don't know what it is about them that

01:43:15   they like.

01:43:15   And anyway, it's a complicated topic, but for my favorite Mac programs, it would be a two-way

01:43:19   tie MacPaint and Finder with Finder probably edging out a little bit.

01:43:22   That's a good list.

01:43:23   I mean, I guess I would probably say the classic Finder, because I think that it embodied

01:43:28   all of the ideals.

01:43:30   But I put ResEdit up there, and part of it is that the difference in the modern era, and

01:43:36   it's fine that everything now is a bundle, and so there's no separate data fork and resource.

01:43:43   I've always liked that.

01:43:44   I've always thought that was a very clever idea.

01:43:46   Like when I learned about that on Next, I said, oh, that's smart.

01:43:49   That's a really smart way to do it, because at that point, I understand.

01:43:52   Like resource forks were a brilliant solution at the time of the early 80s, but now we're

01:43:59   at the point where we don't have to do that.

01:44:00   We can use the file system.

01:44:01   So I've always thought that was a good idea.

01:44:04   Yeah, but it could have been that the Mac had done something similar, but still had an app

01:44:11   like ResEdit, where instead of browsing the bundle as a file hierarchy, it would still open

01:44:17   the bundle within one unified view.

01:44:20   And I get it, because some of the things it's like, oh, if you have a bunch of images in your

01:44:25   app and they're just image files in the bundle.

01:44:29   They're making a bunch of picked resources.

01:44:30   Yeah, you can just open them in an actual image editor like Acorn or Pixelmator.

01:44:34   This is the days before code signing, where you could actually mess with the contents of

01:44:37   bundles without invalidating the entire application.

01:44:39   It was a simpler time.

01:44:41   You could mess with it while it was running.

01:44:43   But the way that ResEdit had its own self-contained mini MacPaint for the icon editor, and it

01:44:56   wasn't any kind of fancy embedding of the actual MacPaint code.

01:45:01   They just re-implemented it, but used the same principles and conventions.

01:45:05   And I think even the way that the tool palette was arranged was obviously informed.

01:45:11   They obviously, whoever, I think ResEdit came second because MacPaint was so close to

01:45:15   an original app, but they looked at the MacPaint palette and they're like, well, we'll put

01:45:19   the pencil up in the top left, you know, and it worked the same way.

01:45:22   If you knew MacPaint and then you opened ResEdit, you already knew how to edit the icons.

01:45:26   And that was like such an amazing instantiation of the principle of what system-wide consistency

01:45:36   was meant for it.

01:45:37   Oh, you spent tons of time playing with MacPaint and now, and you never even heard of the resource

01:45:42   fork, but now you've leveled up in your nerdery of the Mac system and you've got ResEdit running

01:45:48   and you've opened up an application and you're perusing the resources and you found some of

01:45:54   the icons that are used like the app's finder icon or the icons the app uses for various things

01:46:01   inside the application UI.

01:46:02   Well, guess what?

01:46:04   Now you already know how to edit and hand edit the pixels of the icon because it works just

01:46:09   like MacPaint.

01:46:10   That's amazing.

01:46:11   It was one of the things that it helped to be young for because intellectually, especially

01:46:16   as I got older, we'd read all sorts of articles about like, here's how the Mac GUI works.

01:46:19   As you noted, like having standard controls, you learn how to do something in one program.

01:46:23   The other program is familiar to you.

01:46:24   That was a revolution compared to like, if you learn Lotus 1, 2, 3, it does not help you

01:46:27   with the next DOS program because they, those people did not talk to each other and there

01:46:31   was no standard set of interfaces.

01:46:32   And like intellectually I understood that.

01:46:34   But then as I got older, I realized that when I was young, like I was the person in my house

01:46:39   who knew how to use the computer, like from day zero, like my parents bought the thing and

01:46:42   they put it in the house, but I was the one who figured out how to use it.

01:46:45   And I dealt with it entirely was, that's why it was quote unquote my computer, even though

01:46:48   it was the family's computer.

01:46:49   And that, that thing of, oh, so you use MacPaint and when you go to ResEdit, oh, it's just like

01:46:54   MacPaint, like the familiarity, oh, scroll bars, you're going to see scroll bars everywhere.

01:46:57   Windows, how do Windows work?

01:46:59   Like that consistency when you're young, I feel it's kind of like picking up a second

01:47:02   language or something.

01:47:03   When you're young, your brain is like, oh yeah, no, I see.

01:47:05   I see.

01:47:06   It's, I see the consistency.

01:47:07   You don't think of it in that way.

01:47:08   But when you're a little tiny kid, but like your little spongy brain, you're just like,

01:47:12   you pick it up so quickly and everything is so consistent.

01:47:15   And I remember being frustrated with the adults in my life.

01:47:17   I'm like, I would show them how to use something in one program.

01:47:20   And then a second program, they'd be baffled.

01:47:22   Like it's the same thing.

01:47:23   It's like everything it's, the menus always work the same.

01:47:27   The scroll bars always work the same.

01:47:29   Windows always resize this way.

01:47:30   This is how folders work.

01:47:31   This is how file.

01:47:32   It's the same everywhere.

01:47:33   Like, how do you not see this?

01:47:34   How do you not transferring these skills?

01:47:36   And it's just, I think part of being young and having a malleable mind, like you see it

01:47:39   with kids today who grew up with phones.

01:47:41   If there is that consistency, a young mind will pattern match it and pick it up and latch onto

01:47:46   it.

01:47:46   And it will become second nature.

01:47:47   And even if that consistency does exist, when you're an adult, it's harder to say, like,

01:47:53   I've learned one app and now I'm going to transfer those skills to another.

01:47:56   Like, it's just something that, you know, it's part of getting older, but I do remember feeling

01:48:00   that frustration.

01:48:01   Like, I appreciated the consistency, but it's not working on old people as well because

01:48:05   they just get set in their way.

01:48:06   Like, they had never even seen a computer before.

01:48:08   So it just, it was, what was intuitive to me was not intuitive to them.

01:48:12   While you're ranting right there, I booted up Infinite Mac, the emulator, because I wanted

01:48:17   to double check my memory of the original Finder menus.

01:48:21   And I have to laugh at how much faster Infinite Mac is to boot System 1 than a real Macintosh.

01:48:30   Yeah, I just started Mini vMac and it booted in about 1.5 seconds, which is not the authentic

01:48:33   experience of having an original Mac.

01:48:36   Right.

01:48:37   One of my favorite little things about the Finder was the menus, file, edit, view, and

01:48:44   what's the last one?

01:48:45   Special.

01:48:46   The special menu.

01:48:48   I frigging love the special menu.

01:48:50   And again, it's like a little thing that Apple wouldn't do today because it's...

01:48:55   Well, hopefully because they're better at it because you see what they do.

01:48:58   It's like, we've got commands that don't fit in file, edit, view.

01:49:00   What the hell do we call them?

01:49:01   It's like a junk drawer and they're like, oh, we'll just call it special and put crap in

01:49:04   there.

01:49:05   And it's like today, I would hope they would think harder about that.

01:49:07   But back then, it's like, look, we got a ship.

01:49:09   We got to go up on the menu for this stuff.

01:49:10   Yeah.

01:49:11   It was the three commands in the special menu in System 1.0.

01:49:16   Cleanup, which would move your icons around if you made a mess of the current icon arrangement

01:49:21   in the current window or the desktop.

01:49:23   Snap them to the grid, I guess.

01:49:26   Empty trash and erase disk.

01:49:29   That's the only command.

01:49:30   No shutdown.

01:49:30   Back then, when you were done with using your computer, you turned it off while it was sitting

01:49:34   in the Finder.

01:49:35   That's how you turned it.

01:49:35   The shutdown was added.

01:49:36   I remember when shutdown was added.

01:49:37   I'm like, oh, they're adding some ceremony.

01:49:39   You're turning off your computer.

01:49:40   I just reach around with my left hand and go, click.

01:49:41   Yep.

01:49:42   And I remember reading.

01:49:44   I don't know when they started and how long it was, but it was something I had to read

01:49:47   in a magazine.

01:49:48   But that beta versions of Mac OS, they would put a funny word and replace special.

01:49:54   Yeah.

01:49:54   Yeah.

01:49:55   I remember that.

01:49:56   But I read it.

01:49:57   And so, like, every beta of whatever version, the programmers on the system software team

01:50:03   would put a funny word.

01:50:04   I think they all started with S.

01:50:05   I think that might have been part of the gimmick.

01:50:07   Maybe not.

01:50:08   I don't know.

01:50:09   But they would just replace, because they knew that the word special was a weird junk

01:50:14   drawer.

01:50:15   But calling it special somehow worked.

01:50:17   You know, if it would have been called the junk drawer menu.

01:50:20   Or if it were called, like, ETC or something.

01:50:22   Yes.

01:50:23   That would be wrong.

01:50:24   And we would look back and say that was a mistake.

01:50:27   That was a rare mistake in the original Macintosh.

01:50:30   The fact that it was called special, you can say that it's wrong, that there wasn't a more

01:50:34   elegant way to come up with a set of menus where those commands would fit.

01:50:38   But somehow, instead, it just feels right.

01:50:42   It feels like, no, they weren't really file commands.

01:50:45   They weren't edit.

01:50:45   They weren't view commands.

01:50:47   They were special commands.

01:50:48   It just felt like, of all the words in the English language, I can't think of a better

01:50:53   one.

01:50:53   And yes, part of it is the bias of, I fell in love with the Macintosh with a special menu.

01:50:59   And so, of course, it's like a quirk that I just happen to love.

01:51:03   But it's the right kind of quirk.

01:51:05   Yeah, it was part of the whimsy that really infused the Mac back in the day.

01:51:10   Right down to the ResEdit icon with the jack-in-the-box thing.

01:51:13   Like the ResEdit, which should be the least whimsical application on the entire application,

01:51:17   was totally like the whole theme of it with the little head poking out and going to the

01:51:21   side.

01:51:21   It was like, hacking is fun.

01:51:22   Yeah.

01:51:24   But I can't help but feel like you said, and I totally agree with you, that I almost

01:51:30   feel like what happened after Scully got forced out of the company is when things really started

01:51:37   going sideways.

01:51:38   Yeah, it got real dark.

01:51:39   It got dark because they weren't able to actually do anything.

01:51:43   They had these bold plans for next generation operating systems, and none of them could come

01:51:49   to fruition.

01:51:50   And meanwhile, they're not exactly fiddling while Rome burns, but they were making operating

01:51:57   systems that next generation operating systems that would never ship while the Macintosh kept

01:52:02   the company alive and stagnated.

01:52:04   And while their competition, Microsoft was moving ahead rapidly.

01:52:09   Yeah.

01:52:10   And then so Jobs lit the fuse on the iPhone, and then he died.

01:52:13   Scully left the Newton before he left.

01:52:15   And that wasn't quite, that wasn't a lit fuse, unfortunately.

01:52:18   If it was, it was a lit fuse on a bomb.

01:52:20   Right.

01:52:22   Again, ahead of its time, amazing technology, great ideas, but it was not a rocket ship

01:52:26   that would carry Apple up into the next era.

01:52:28   It just wasn't.

01:52:29   It was too early.

01:52:30   Did you have a Newton?

01:52:31   I think we've talked about this.

01:52:33   I never owned one until I eventually got one at the MIT swap, and I have a bunch of them,

01:52:37   but I did play with them when they originally came out.

01:52:39   In fact, in some of the college bookstores and stuff that I would play with, the first time

01:52:43   I ever picked one up, I picked the thing up, and I wrote my full name, John Syracuse,

01:52:47   in cursive on the Newton, and it correctly translated it to print.

01:52:52   I'm like, this is amazing technology.

01:52:54   This is the most amazing thing.

01:52:55   Yes.

01:52:55   Because my handwriting is not good, and I wrote cursive.

01:52:58   Back then, we learned cursive in school, and I had to use cursive for school, so I knew

01:53:01   how to write cursive.

01:53:02   Then I wrote my name in cursive, and it figured it out, and it was like the most amazing computing

01:53:05   feat I'd ever seen in my entire life.

01:53:07   It was pretty much downhill from there, but that first moment, I was like, holy cow, they

01:53:11   did it.

01:53:11   I've read about this in a thousand magazines, and it actually works.

01:53:14   You write in cursive, and it figures out what you wrote.

01:53:16   How can it do that?

01:53:17   I think Drexel had them at the student bookstore, too.

01:53:21   They were crazy expensive for something that absolutely could not replace your Mac in any

01:53:28   way.

01:53:29   There's no way.

01:53:30   It was like a businessman.

01:53:31   It was like an 80s businessman briefcase, like sharper image, like a fantasy thing that

01:53:35   just was ahead of its time, but the tech wasn't ready for it yet.

01:53:38   There were some fascinating Apple-like choices, like the fonts were very good.

01:53:44   The SB font, the pit map font that was like the main system font of the Newton OS was good.

01:53:50   The fact that the Newton hardware used Gil Sands as like the word Newton, like in the way that

01:53:57   the Macs of the era were using Apple Garamond as the hardware, the branding, and the Newton

01:54:04   stuff used Gil Sands, looked really good and felt right.

01:54:08   I think they made the right choice with that weird, is it green?

01:54:12   Yes, it's green.

01:54:13   If you see it in a perfect light.

01:54:14   Super dark green.

01:54:15   Yeah.

01:54:15   Super dark green.

01:54:17   But at a basic level, you didn't have to be Steve Jobs.

01:54:21   You didn't have to be the most insightful, oh, this is what's wrong with the product visionary

01:54:27   to see it.

01:54:28   It was like, what do I do with it?

01:54:31   It's what in the world do you do with it?

01:54:33   Like it was a product that was all computers, including the Macintosh, including Windows, all

01:54:40   computers were basically waiting for the internet to actually become the computers, quote, for the

01:54:47   rest of us, because that's the thing that made everybody else on the planet finally have a

01:54:53   reason to have a computer, because all people like to communicate with other people.

01:54:57   And that's what the internet enabled.

01:54:59   They turned computers into communication devices, as opposed to the way that me and you could

01:55:04   use a computer as a, I'm going to go spend 36 hours nonstop playing with ResEdit.

01:55:09   Yeah.

01:55:10   Just a computer that is not connected to the internet with a fixed set of software, and you

01:55:13   just spend forever in front of it.

01:55:15   God knows what we were doing, but we were there forever.

01:55:17   Even before the internet connection stuff, like the category of what, I forget if Scully

01:55:23   coined this or not, but he certainly used a lot of personal digital assistant, PDA, before

01:55:27   it was public displays of affection, personal, or maybe after, personal digital assistant.

01:55:31   You're an important executive.

01:55:33   You have meetings.

01:55:34   You wear a suit.

01:55:34   You need something that goes with you that's digital that can be your assistant.

01:55:38   You can take notes in it.

01:55:40   You can transfer your business card to other people using the IR port.

01:55:43   Do you remember that?

01:55:44   Yes, absolutely.

01:55:45   Like our TV remote has an IR port.

01:55:46   That's how we can wirelessly communicate.

01:55:48   You can stick in a PCMCIA card to do some kind of networking stuff.

01:55:52   But it's like, you don't want to have your Mac with you.

01:55:55   It's not a laptop.

01:55:56   It's just like a combination of an executive's notepad and something from Star Trek.

01:56:01   It's got handwriting recognition, and you can draw pictures, and if you draw a triangle,

01:56:04   we'll see that you're trying to draw a triangle.

01:56:06   It'll turn into a perfect triangle, and it's got a stylus.

01:56:08   Isn't this amazing?

01:56:09   And it's like, you're almost there.

01:56:11   A digital thing that is your assistant that you carry with you is, in fact, going to be

01:56:16   the most important consumer product of humanity.

01:56:18   But it's not this one.

01:56:19   It's not.

01:56:20   You're close, but it's not this one.

01:56:22   And even without the internet, the Palm digital assistant said, hey, Newton, the Palm 7 will

01:56:28   eventually have cell radio in it.

01:56:29   But even before that, if you just make it smaller and cheaper and make it play games,

01:56:32   people will buy it, and it'll be more popular than your gigantic multi-thousand-dollar huge

01:56:37   thing, because it's just a better product design.

01:56:39   We made it cheaper.

01:56:40   We made it smaller.

01:56:41   The battery lasts longer.

01:56:42   You can play cute little games on it.

01:56:44   You can read e-books on it.

01:56:45   We learned from what you did wrong, and we did it a little bit better.

01:56:48   And then, obviously, the iPhone's going to come and say, no, actually, this is it.

01:56:50   The tech is here to do this now.

01:56:52   So thanks for the warm-up, but we got it this time.

01:56:55   The other thing that, and the Palm exemplified it.

01:56:58   And I had, my wife had one, too.

01:57:00   And I think she used hers more than me.

01:57:02   We both had the Handspring Visor, which was the hardware created by Jeff, whatever his name

01:57:07   was.

01:57:07   He founded Palm originally and then sold it to, who was the big company?

01:57:13   They sold it to some big company, but then secured a license to the OS so they could make

01:57:20   their own hardware.

01:57:21   And in that early black-and-white era of Palm pilots, the Handspring Visor was, I think, clearly

01:57:27   the best.

01:57:28   But it obviously, you know that it came after the iMac because they had translucent plastic.

01:57:35   I had a bunch of handsprings with translucent plastic.

01:57:40   And even the styluses, or styli, if you prefer, if you're more of a Latin fan, but the styluses

01:57:45   were translucent plastic, too.

01:57:47   But even though they were made by a completely unaffiliated with Apple company, they integrated

01:57:54   with the Mac better than the Newton did.

01:57:57   One of the craziest parts about the Newton, everybody remembers the handwriting and Doonesbury

01:58:02   making fun of it.

01:58:03   And yes, and they were very expensive.

01:58:05   But the absolute craziest part of it was that it didn't integrate with the Mac at all.

01:58:10   Even though it came out in the 90s, it was that mindset from the early 80s of, hey, every

01:58:16   couple years, we're going to come out with a new platform and we're just going to pretend

01:58:20   like the old one didn't exist.

01:58:21   And the Mac had no compatibility with the Apple II at all.

01:58:26   None.

01:58:27   Yeah.

01:58:27   It was a slightly different, I feel like it was a slightly different notion that in the

01:58:30   early days, it was like, well, of course we've got to start all over because

01:58:32   have you seen how much the world has changed since we made the last computer?

01:58:34   But with the Newton, it was more like we had been in the PC era long enough that now there

01:58:39   was cruft and technical debt.

01:58:41   And it's like a lot of the stuff about dealing with a Mac and a PC, we now recognize some

01:58:46   of that is just a little bit annoying to deal with.

01:58:48   So wouldn't it be great if we could make a clean break from that and do the Newton with

01:58:52   its soup of data instead of access to the file system?

01:58:55   Again, a lot of the ideas that would eventually become embodied more successfully in the phone

01:58:59   of like, we're not going to make you deal with that computer stuff.

01:59:03   We want you to be able to do the same things, but there's no finder.

01:59:07   Like you're not, there's not files.

01:59:08   There's certainly not a command line.

01:59:09   And the only way we can do that with the Newton is to have a clean break.

01:59:13   And it wasn't so much like we needed something totally new because tech has advanced.

01:59:17   It was like when you worked at a job long enough and you made kind of big mess and you're like,

01:59:20   you feel like, oh, if I could change jobs, I just wouldn't have to deal with this big mess

01:59:23   I made.

01:59:24   They were like, this is going to be a new platform and all of our new best ideas are

01:59:27   going to be here.

01:59:28   And we're going to leave behind the technical debt.

01:59:29   And again, that is a thing that Apple would eventually successfully do with the phone, which

01:59:34   left behind tons of the tech debt and old style stuff of the Mac.

01:59:37   But the phone didn't say, and by the way, we don't work with your Mac at all.

01:59:40   Like you have to plug it into the Mac to even use it.

01:59:43   So yeah, another slight miss.

01:59:45   But I understand the motivation to move on from the decisions of the past now that we

01:59:50   see a better way.

01:59:50   Right.

01:59:51   But it just seemed foolish.

01:59:53   And in hindsight, it's more of a mistake than not waiting and keeping it in the labs until

01:59:59   some kind of wire.

02:00:00   I mean, it came out before Wi-Fi even, let alone cellular.

02:00:03   Yeah.

02:00:04   So there was no wasn't just that it didn't have wireless networking.

02:00:08   There was no wireless networking in the world to have.

02:00:11   And the idea of a Palm-sized computer, even if you can argue that the Newton's bigger

02:00:19   than a pretty big.

02:00:20   It's a Hockenberry Palm.

02:00:21   Yeah.

02:00:21   Yeah, exactly.

02:00:22   A Hockenberry-sized Palm device.

02:00:26   It screamed for networking.

02:00:28   But the one thing it definitely should have had is some kind of fundamental back and forth

02:00:33   compatibility with the Mac for moving text and images.

02:00:38   Syncing contacts.

02:00:39   That was the thing you did with your Palm.

02:00:40   You synced your contacts.

02:00:41   And it worked with the Palm.

02:00:43   And then you could go out and put somebody's new contact information on your Palm pilot and

02:00:50   then come back to your Mac and connect it and sync.

02:00:53   And then it would be in your whatever your contacts app was on your Mac.

02:00:56   And no, it didn't sync automatically because they didn't.

02:00:59   Neither device had always on cloud syncing.

02:01:02   But you put on a terrible little cradle with that 98-pin connector.

02:01:05   It would go crunch.

02:01:06   And then, yeah, you connect it with the cable and it would sync.

02:01:09   I just looked at Wikipedia, by the way.

02:01:10   U.S. Robotics bought Palm.

02:01:11   And then eventually...

02:01:12   U.S. Robotics.

02:01:13   Robotics got bought by 3Com.

02:01:14   And so you might have been thinking of either 3Com or U.S. Robotics.

02:01:17   No, U.S. Robotics is what I was thinking of.

02:01:19   The modem company.

02:01:23   But they had the right idea and it was a better product.

02:01:26   But I don't think anything better exemplifies the dysfunction of what Scully's Apple became

02:01:32   than not that the Newton had shortcomings, but that it was such a spiteful silo from the Mac.

02:01:40   Like, spitefully unrelated to the Macintosh in any way and in any kind of syncing or anything.

02:01:46   I don't think it was spite.

02:01:47   I think it was aspiration.

02:01:48   It was aspirationally disconnected.

02:01:49   They were trying to make the clean break that eventually would come with the phone, but

02:01:52   they did it in the wrong way.

02:01:53   Well, and there was a story, a bit of the spite, though, the fiefdoms that had developed within

02:01:59   Apple was like Pogue's book had a...

02:02:02   I forget what it was called.

02:02:03   I don't have the book in front of me.

02:02:04   But there was a Macintosh tablet project that had a couple hundred prototypes made.

02:02:11   And I actually heard from a Daring Fireball reader who, before he even had gotten to that

02:02:15   point in Pogue's book, had listened to me talking to Pogue on the podcast.

02:02:19   And wrote and said, oh, my dad worked at Apple at the time and had one of those Mac

02:02:24   tablets and brought it home.

02:02:25   And I showed him the page from the book that was a couple hundred pages ahead of where he

02:02:29   was.

02:02:29   He goes, that was it.

02:02:30   We had one of those.

02:02:31   And I was like, that's amazing.

02:02:32   You know, and he was like, I don't know what happened to it.

02:02:34   I was like, oh, if you still had it, that would be worth something.

02:02:38   But it got shot down because I don't know if it was Larry Tesler or somebody who has spent

02:02:43   time on the Newton project was like, no, we're the tablet from Apple.

02:02:47   And it just the sort of as isolated as the different departments within Apple can be in the modern

02:02:54   era.

02:02:55   It wasn't with guns pointed at each other, right?

02:02:58   Somewhere up the chain, even if you're working on a team somewhere and somebody else is working

02:03:06   on a team somewhere else, somebody up the chain of management knows what both sides are doing

02:03:11   and isn't going to have two headsets coming out.

02:03:15   There's a little bit of that, even in the iPhone era of the competition between will

02:03:19   it run a something based on Mac OS X versus running something based on Linux or whatever.

02:03:23   So, but that's still led from the top.

02:03:24   I mean, the whole, like the end of the Scully era and after he leaves in the dark times with

02:03:29   Spindler and Emilio, that's also the proliferation of all the performers and stuff like that.

02:03:35   That was difficult everywhere.

02:03:36   But like the problem with the difficulty across the organization was that it was all filled with

02:03:40   talented people and there was lots of people with aspirational ideas, but without leadership,

02:03:44   they were going in a million directions.

02:03:45   And that was, I think that was also the time of the ATG, the advanced technology group,

02:03:49   which was like one of the parts of Apple that I love, which is we're going to look into the

02:03:53   really like far-fetched stuff, like just deep research that's going to eventually form,

02:03:56   inform our future products.

02:03:58   I'm not sure.

02:03:58   I think Steve Jobs just totally disbanded ATG when he came back and I don't know if it was

02:04:02   even around to contribute anything to even what would become the iMac.

02:04:05   But I always liked the idea of that happening.

02:04:07   But the problem with that in a company with bad leadership is you get something like the

02:04:10   knowledge navigator video.

02:04:11   Do you remember that?

02:04:12   Yep.

02:04:13   Yep.

02:04:14   Yeah.

02:04:14   Poga and I talked about it.

02:04:15   Which was a tablet-y kind of computer and that was glossy and it was made by Apple and they

02:04:19   released it to the world to say, this is where our head's at.

02:04:22   We're thinking like the future is going to be like this and won't it be amazing?

02:04:25   But the company had no, was not, we were like, okay, now who's going to make the knowledge

02:04:30   navigator?

02:04:30   It was like, that's just a video we made.

02:04:32   But everyone in the company was inspired by it.

02:04:34   So you got some people were like, I think we should make a tablet-y thing and I think we

02:04:36   should make the moon.

02:04:37   And then Scully latched onto the Newton so hard it became his thing.

02:04:42   I'm going to show that I'm like Steve Jobs.

02:04:43   I'm going to come up with this amazing Newton, which did not work out for him, both career-wise

02:04:48   and product-wise.

02:04:49   But the rest of the company was like, well, we're going to do this and we're going to do

02:04:52   that.

02:04:53   And no one was stopping them.

02:04:53   And it was just like, everyone was doing everything and there was no direction.

02:04:57   And they had lots of great ideas and talented people that were just not being, it was a

02:05:02   failure of leadership, many times over a failure of leadership.

02:05:05   And to be fair, it was also an extremely difficult time for Apple because they were not succeeding.

02:05:10   Their market share was shrinking, not growing.

02:05:12   Windows 95 was stomping all over their face.

02:05:14   Things were not looking up.

02:05:16   And so they were looking for the next big thing and the Newton wasn't it.

02:05:19   And the other thing about the market share, I think they were not unrelated.

02:05:25   It was cause and effect.

02:05:27   But the fact that the Macintosh system software as it stood wasn't quote unquote modern, that

02:05:33   it didn't have preemptive multitasking.

02:05:35   It didn't really have a kernel.

02:05:37   It all made sense in 1984 because the computer that they wanted to sell for less than $2,500,

02:05:44   not the $2,500 that actually sold for couldn't possibly have had those features and yada, yada,

02:05:51   yada.

02:05:52   You get seven or eight years down the line and all of a sudden computers were capable of,

02:05:56   you know, had enough RAM to do those things.

02:05:58   And everybody knew that Apple would need such an operating system.

02:06:04   I mean, you've spent half your career talking about it, about those type of transitions that

02:06:09   need to happen and you know, it's coming.

02:06:11   And meanwhile, while Apple is wasting time on things like the message pad, which obviously

02:06:20   wasn't ever going to replace the Mac, even if it had been successful, it wasn't going to

02:06:24   replace it.

02:06:25   It wasn't intended to.

02:06:26   It was like a new type of computing in the way that the iPhone wasn't meant to replace the

02:06:31   Mac and any pipe dream that the iPad would 10 years ago, obviously, you know, didn't pan

02:06:38   out.

02:06:39   But in the meantime, while Apple is wasting time on things like, what was it?

02:06:43   Pink and Taligent and other operating systems that never wound up shipping.

02:06:51   The Mac just kept going with what it had and was keep paying all of the bills, right?

02:06:57   Like financially speaking, the Apple of the late Scully era and up until Jobs's return, really

02:07:04   in 97.

02:07:05   And honestly, up until the iPod through the first four years.

02:07:10   Because the iMac was the first thing Jobs did.

02:07:11   He just did another Mac.

02:07:13   It was Apple was the Mac company.

02:07:15   And it's the brilliance of Jobs's strategy upon coming back to the company and taking

02:07:21   the temporary CEO job in 98 or whatever year it was, was basically, well, we've got one

02:07:28   thing that's paying the bills and it's taking on water and sinking.

02:07:31   So let's cut everything else out.

02:07:33   Let's stop doing everything else and fix the one thing that's paying the bills.

02:07:37   Then once we've done that, we'll go from there.

02:07:39   And it worked.

02:07:41   But before he did that, there's one thing paying the bills and it's taking on water and it needs

02:07:47   drastic help.

02:07:48   And they were like, well, maybe we'll just make something that's not compatible with it

02:07:52   at all.

02:07:52   And yeah, we got to find the next big thing.

02:07:54   Like even, even after Jobs came back and did the iMac, it's not as if he says, okay, we're

02:07:58   going to do the iMac to hold up the Mac thing, but then we're going to find the next big

02:08:01   thing, which is going to be the next big computing platform.

02:08:03   No, they did the iPod, which is absolutely not.

02:08:07   Like it was never envisioned as this is going to replace the Mac.

02:08:10   This is the next era of computing.

02:08:11   This is just, this is a cool idea we have for a product that we think is good.

02:08:14   And thanks to the talent at Apple and Steve Jobs taste in giving the go ahead to that particular

02:08:21   project and shaping how it looked, it turned out to be wildly successful.

02:08:24   It wasn't the next big thing.

02:08:26   And in fact, at the time it seemed like it was going to be super popular.

02:08:29   But like, if you look at the, remember, see, we used to see those graphs of the iPod and

02:08:32   it just was like a dome.

02:08:33   It's like iPod, it's going to be things forever.

02:08:36   And then it's like, ah, nevermind phone.

02:08:37   And it just goes, ah, and the iPod fades away.

02:08:40   And like the iPod was not like, you know, Scully was like, I can't figure out how to do the

02:08:44   Mac.

02:08:44   We're going to find the next big thing.

02:08:46   And Jobs was like, I'm going to make it a new great Mac.

02:08:48   And if you have, meantime, if you have another good idea, yeah, let's do that music player

02:08:52   thing.

02:08:52   It might work out.

02:08:53   It turns out it did, but it was just a bridge to get to the iPhone.

02:08:56   Right?

02:08:56   Like they were, it was, he didn't come back and say, I'm betting the company on my grand

02:09:00   vision for a device that's going to replace the Mac.

02:09:02   That's not how he operated at all.

02:09:04   The Apple would have gotten a business.

02:09:05   Yeah.

02:09:06   And you know what the iPod did in addition to everybody knows it's synced music and podcast

02:09:11   files with your Mac, but you know what else it's synced with your Mac contacts.

02:09:17   It was actually a better contact manager than the Newton, even though people don't think

02:09:22   of the iPod as an app that you have your personal contacts on, but it was actually a better one

02:09:27   than the Newton because it's synced with your frigging Mac where you actually had your contacts.

02:09:31   Yeah.

02:09:33   And I think for most people listening that era, that Steve Jobs, 97 through 2010 era is like

02:09:42   the Apple that they remember as the golden era of Apple.

02:09:45   That's the Apple that people, most people who know about Apple came to know about Apple

02:09:49   because who knew about Apple before that?

02:09:51   Just tech nerds after that, because the iPod was not a tech nerd thing.

02:09:56   It was an everybody thing.

02:09:57   And so remember when people used to say they were going to go to the iPod store, Apple opened

02:10:00   to retail stores and they said, I was literally about to say that.

02:10:03   And at first it drove me nuts because I'd be in the mall and I'd hear people say, let's go

02:10:08   to the iPod store.

02:10:09   And I would want, I've already, it's what, 25 years ago.

02:10:14   And I wasn't an old man, but the old man that was waiting to come out of me wanted to yell

02:10:19   at the kids who were roughly my age for calling it the iPod store.

02:10:23   But then it's the Mac company.

02:10:25   This iPod is just a new flash in the pan.

02:10:27   What are you talking about?

02:10:28   But like the iPod was mass market.

02:10:29   And so, yeah, that's the Apple that most people know.

02:10:31   But then like the serenity would come over me, serenity now.

02:10:35   And I would think, well, this is good for Apple that there's something besides.

02:10:38   The halo effect, the iPod halo effect.

02:10:39   Yes.

02:10:39   Yes.

02:10:40   We're all hoping this is going to save the Mac.

02:10:42   We're always like the iPod is just a vehicle to get our beloved platform to be successful.

02:10:46   They're going to use an iPod and then they're going to consider using a Mac.

02:10:49   And you know what?

02:10:49   That kind of worked pretty well.

02:10:50   And to go back to my earlier point, that to me, the eras of Apple are defined by Steve

02:10:56   Jobs' presence, his absence, his presence, and then his absence again.

02:11:00   And the thing that I think people see so fondly about that era that they see is missing, despite

02:11:09   the unbelievable financial success and stability, both technical stability and financial stability

02:11:16   of Apple under Tim Cook since Steve Jobs' death.

02:11:20   But it was the sort of you-don't-know-what's-coming-next excitement of crazy stuff is going to come out.

02:11:28   I was doing The Verges.

02:11:29   Did you do the thing where you-

02:11:31   Top 50.

02:11:32   I can tell you, speaking of feeling like an old person, doing that thing.

02:11:36   And I briefly glanced at what the ratings are.

02:11:38   And I'm like, I can't be voting with these people.

02:11:40   They have no idea what they're talking about.

02:11:41   I should have looked at the ratings.

02:11:43   I never look at the results before taking a poll.

02:11:47   And I just opened it up and I started clicking.

02:11:49   And I thought if I clicked 25 times, I'd be done.

02:11:51   I didn't realize-

02:11:52   Yeah, but no, it just goes on forever.

02:11:53   It's like infinite scrolling.

02:11:54   I never got to the end of it.

02:11:55   But here's the thing.

02:11:56   I started to get a sense when I saw which products they were picking.

02:11:59   I'm like, really?

02:11:59   It's not like you have every Apple product anymore.

02:12:03   These are the ones you picked?

02:12:04   So I'm like, we need a separate poll just for old people, for old school Mac users.

02:12:08   Because this is going to be for the mass market.

02:12:10   The Verge, it is a tech website, but it is not an Apple nerd website.

02:12:14   And so I just totally dismissed their entire ratings to say, okay, this is what people who

02:12:19   think it's the iPod store would rank these products.

02:12:20   Yeah.

02:12:21   They had two printers in the list.

02:12:22   They had the LaserWriter 2 and the ImageWriter, maybe the ImageWriter 2.

02:12:26   And they were like at 48 and 49 or something.

02:12:29   And you could see it that it's young people who are like, printers?

02:12:31   What the hell?

02:12:32   I'm not doing it.

02:12:33   And I think you would think the LaserWriter 1 would be in there, but no.

02:12:36   Yeah, it was kind of.

02:12:37   Well, anyway, I'm taking it.

02:12:39   And before I realized that, A, I shouldn't have voted at all because it was too wrong.

02:12:43   It's not for us.

02:12:43   Yeah.

02:12:44   It's like I'm trying to raise the ocean level by pissing in the ocean.

02:12:48   I'm not going to have any effect here.

02:12:50   But while I was clicking through it, they kept showing me the fat, fat nano iPod.

02:12:56   Yeah.

02:12:57   The first one.

02:12:58   Yeah.

02:12:58   And I'm like, I hated that iPod.

02:13:01   I guess I kind of see that it was the first one sort of where they were like, maybe people

02:13:05   do want to watch video on their pocket device.

02:13:08   And that's why it had the weird dimensions it had.

02:13:11   But it was such an ugly little thing.

02:13:14   And it kept coming up in my comparison.

02:13:16   And I was like, I'm going to pick the opposite, the other device every time.

02:13:19   I don't care what it is.

02:13:21   I'm going to pick the other device.

02:13:22   Is that why?

02:13:23   And then I was like, is that why they keep showing it to me?

02:13:26   But it's the fat nano iPod.

02:13:29   While I didn't like it, and it obviously is not the iPod form factor that just about anybody

02:13:34   I know of thinks of when they think of a classic iPod.

02:13:37   It at least exemplified the, hey, we'll try crazy new ideas every year.

02:13:42   That is totally absent in the Tim Cook era.

02:13:45   Yeah.

02:13:45   I mean, the closest he gets is the Vision Pro.

02:13:47   But I feel like the Vision Pro is more like his Newton, where it's a product line that

02:13:50   he was obsessed with that cost a lot of money and was the next big thing it turned out so

02:13:54   far not to be.

02:13:54   Whereas Jobs would do stuff like the Cube, where it's like, I just think this is cool.

02:13:58   And sometimes it's not going to work.

02:13:59   And sometimes it is.

02:14:00   But you know, we're going to check it out there.

02:14:01   Yeah.

02:14:02   And then they got rid of it.

02:14:03   They didn't let the Cube hang around for too long.

02:14:06   Yeah, because Jobs only likes winners.

02:14:08   So he's going to be like, this one didn't work.

02:14:09   We'll move on.

02:14:10   We'll come back to that idea.

02:14:11   We'll try it again with the trash can.

02:14:12   It won't work.

02:14:13   Maybe we'll get it with the studio.

02:14:14   Right.

02:14:15   And right, the problem with the trash can power Mac or Mac Pro wasn't that it was a

02:14:20   bad idea.

02:14:21   It was that it was the Mac Pro for six years.

02:14:24   It's try it.

02:14:25   And they couldn't upgrade it.

02:14:26   That was like, if they wanted this to be the Mac Pro, like they've been able to upgrade

02:14:29   the studio because the studio is basically the trash can Mac Pro in a different shape.

02:14:33   But guess what?

02:14:33   They've upgraded the studio.

02:14:34   You can put different stuff in it and it gets more powerful.

02:14:36   And they couldn't do that with the trash can.

02:14:38   So it's oops.

02:14:39   I don't know about you.

02:14:41   And I was I was already not in the market for I never I haven't.

02:14:45   bought a Pro Mac desktop since I think I've only ever bought one in my life.

02:14:52   My Power Mac 9600 350, which is a long time ago.

02:14:57   That was an amazing computer.

02:14:59   But yeah, that was the last time you were in that market.

02:15:02   Yeah, I've been MacBook as my desktop, I think, ever since.

02:15:09   And you were obviously different.

02:15:11   But I remember it.

02:15:13   But I'm excited by Power Macs and Mac Pro hardware just knew that they weren't really for me.

02:15:21   And I remember being excited about the trash can Mac Pro.

02:15:24   I was like, wow, that's a cool idea.

02:15:26   Yeah, it was.

02:15:26   I was excited about it, too.

02:15:28   They tried something new.

02:15:29   Yeah.

02:15:30   And I guess the argument is if you don't occasionally have a dud of an idea, hopefully not like a severe dud, but like, let's backtrack.

02:15:39   And, you know, there was only one fat nano.

02:15:41   Right.

02:15:41   It's like, well, all right.

02:15:43   Let's backtrack and go back to the other one buttonless shuffle.

02:15:45   Let's all right.

02:15:47   Forget about the one.

02:15:48   Yeah.

02:15:49   But didn't they try to say it had no buttons?

02:15:51   I forget.

02:15:52   Yeah, no.

02:15:52   I said they did the one buttonless shuffle.

02:15:55   Oh, OK.

02:15:55   OK.

02:15:56   Well, I thought you meant one button shuffle.

02:15:58   But yes, the one comma buttonless shuffle.

02:16:01   I think it might have had a hold switch on it.

02:16:04   I forget.

02:16:04   Yeah, I don't know.

02:16:06   But you know what?

02:16:07   That's too few buttons.

02:16:08   But glad they tried it.

02:16:10   Just glad also that they recognize that, no, that's not the way to make a shuffle.

02:16:15   I wish Apple still did that.

02:16:17   And that's the sort of thing I sort of hope to see a return to after.

02:16:21   Well, I mean, you might.

02:16:23   If they can ever get their Syriac together, all these rumored home products, a lot of them

02:16:26   sound like potential duds in waiting.

02:16:28   So you might get your wish to see a bunch of, like, how about this little thing?

02:16:31   It sits on your table.

02:16:32   It's got a screen and a robotic arm.

02:16:33   What do you think?

02:16:34   Yeah.

02:16:34   And the screen uses the robotic arm and a camera to follow you around like a face.

02:16:39   And it's like, I don't know.

02:16:40   It seems like it could be weird, but it is different.

02:16:42   And it's not like anything else.

02:16:44   So I'd like to at least see you try it.

02:16:46   It's not trying to be a new platform like the Vision Pro, where it's like, this is all

02:16:49   a new platform.

02:16:50   The future of computing, spatial computing, this, that, and the other thing.

02:16:52   No, this is just a product that we made that we hope you'll like.

02:16:55   It is not a platform.

02:16:56   We're not going to sell apps on it.

02:16:57   It's not going to change the way we use computers.

02:16:59   It's going to hopefully sit somewhere in your house and be a useful thing for you.

02:17:02   Maybe, maybe not.

02:17:03   Kind of like the HomePods.

02:17:04   It's like, we'll give it a go.

02:17:05   But there's nothing about it that is like the folly of the Newton and the Vision Pro potentially

02:17:11   is just like the idea that I've got, I'm going to come up with the next big thing.

02:17:15   And maybe you're too early and maybe you're right about it, but it's not going to happen

02:17:18   in your lifetime.

02:17:19   But that's such a harder bet to make than, hey, let's just try a bunch of products.

02:17:23   Let's make a cool Mac.

02:17:24   Let's make a cool thing that's not a Mac that might be useful to people and see which

02:17:27   one of those stick.

02:17:28   That's much lower stakes.

02:17:30   Yeah, and I kind of feel like there's a, I don't think they're giving up on the Vision

02:17:35   Pro.

02:17:35   I don't think anything, they came out with the, what was it, an M4 chip or is it an M5?

02:17:40   M5.

02:17:41   M5, yeah.

02:17:41   So they updated the hardware, but I don't think they're giving up on it.

02:17:45   I've heard nothing about layoffs from the team that's there.

02:17:48   I think they're still full steam ahead, but there's like a lack of urgency that is obvious.

02:17:54   And I feel like that urgency is what Steve Jobs infused the company with.

02:17:59   Or sure, maybe he would have shipped the exact same 1.0 Vision Pro, but there would already

02:18:04   be a second one out that addressed some of the problems, the price, the weight, something.

02:18:09   There would have been something new out just to get something out.

02:18:13   Like, hey, this obviously didn't resonate with the market, but if we believe in this as a

02:18:20   concept, we need to get our act together and ship something different by next year.

02:18:25   Let's go.

02:18:26   Scrap it.

02:18:27   That's the other choice, which is like, I've lost faith in this.

02:18:29   I don't think we're going to be able to do it.

02:18:30   We're too early.

02:18:31   The tech's not ready.

02:18:31   It's too heavy.

02:18:32   It's too clunky.

02:18:33   But the Apple, Tim Cook Apple did the car project for 10 years and luckily didn't ship anything, but

02:18:39   it shows their dedication to like, we are behind this idea.

02:18:41   We think there's something there.

02:18:42   We're going to see it through versus the Cube where it's like, it didn't fulfill my dreams.

02:18:47   So can it?

02:18:48   Well, we can always make another Mac.

02:18:49   Yeah.

02:18:50   I don't know.

02:18:51   It just seems less.

02:18:52   It's just less exciting.

02:18:53   It's more, the company is more successful.

02:18:55   Clearly, it's arguably the most successful company in the world, but it's less exciting.

02:19:01   Like Jobs, sometimes he just wanted to do something nutty just to do something nutty because he was

02:19:05   bored and it was kind of made it more fun to watch and you kind of get this.

02:19:10   Like I just wrote the other day, it's such a little thing.

02:19:12   It's so silly.

02:19:14   It's not the reason, it has nothing to do with the reason the iPhone became the hit that it did.

02:19:18   But when Jobs made the first public phone call with an iPhone on stage at Macworld Expo,

02:19:23   he called the Starbucks next to the Moscone and ordered a thousand latte, four thousand

02:19:29   lattes and then said, sorry, sorry, wrong number and hung up.

02:19:32   I can't see Tim Cook doing that.

02:19:34   And there's something about that spirit that I feel like it's still there in the company.

02:19:41   But like under Tim Cook, it doesn't come out.

02:19:44   It never comes out.

02:19:45   Yeah.

02:19:45   This is the irreverent spirit of the original Mac team with their pirate flag and everything

02:19:49   was some of the things that appealed to me as a kid.

02:19:50   It's why I literally had pictures of them on my bedroom wall because they were like,

02:19:54   as Naila Patel pointed out, it's like the pirate flag, better to be a pirate than to join

02:19:58   the Navy.

02:19:58   Steve Jobs started the Navy.

02:20:00   He founded Apple.

02:20:00   And now he's like, I'm rebelling against the company that I made because suits are stifling

02:20:05   me.

02:20:05   It's like you founded the company, dude.

02:20:07   But that rebelliousness appealed to me as a kid because like we have to go off into our

02:20:12   own corner and we have to do a thing that's different than the Apple II.

02:20:15   Even though Apple II is making all the money and paying all of our salaries, we're going

02:20:18   to do this different thing and we're pirates.

02:20:20   And then in the Jobs II era, he had matured, but his force of will was so dominant in the

02:20:25   company, perhaps learning from his mistakes of like never give up an ounce of power because

02:20:29   I'd never want to be driven out of my own company again.

02:20:32   It was so forceful that like everyone was in line behind Jobs, but here's the thing.

02:20:36   It was kind of like the whole, my complaint about the Tim Cook and what good is having

02:20:39   FU money if you never say FU.

02:20:41   In the Steve Jobs II era, he was such a dominant force in the company that nobody would step out

02:20:47   of line.

02:20:48   None of his like lieutenants, not even any of his employees, that they were all aligned

02:20:53   behind him.

02:20:53   But when you talk to Steve Jobs, he could step out of line all he wanted.

02:20:57   He could say whatever the hell he wanted because he was Steve Jobs.

02:21:02   And so, yeah, if you interviewed anybody at Apple, they're not going to say anything.

02:21:06   You interview Steve Jobs, you have no idea what he's going to say.

02:21:08   He could say literally anything.

02:21:10   He like, because he both had an exercise to freedom to be like, who's going to yell at

02:21:16   me?

02:21:16   I'm Steve Jobs.

02:21:17   I can say whatever you want.

02:21:18   Tim Cook is not like that.

02:21:20   Nobody under Tim Cook will step out of line and say something Tim Cook doesn't want them

02:21:24   to say.

02:21:24   But Tim Cook will also never say anything that is not in line with the Apple philosophy.

02:21:29   So any interview with Tim Cook is like, is he going to say anything exciting?

02:21:33   The answer is no.

02:21:34   He is not going to.

02:21:35   I mean, unless he's literally making an announcement, which he is prepared ahead of time about something.

02:21:38   You're never going to get an off the cuff remark from Tim Cook that reveals something

02:21:42   about his character, about his position on technology.

02:21:45   It's all going to be talking points.

02:21:47   And it's like, you're Tim Cook.

02:21:48   Who's going to yell at you?

02:21:49   The board of directors?

02:21:50   You could do anything you want, but that's not his personality.

02:21:53   And so the excitement of the Steve Jobs era was that the one person who had the freedom

02:21:57   to do whatever you want often did.

02:21:59   He often did.

02:22:00   He would do and say what he was to still that guy with his middle finger up to the IBM sign

02:22:04   with the leather jacket from that picture.

02:22:05   Like he was like that to the day he died.

02:22:07   Yep.

02:22:08   He didn't really need the FU money, but he had the FU influence and he used it.

02:22:14   He had that attitude even before he had the FU money.

02:22:16   Yes.

02:22:17   The money came later.

02:22:20   There's a story.

02:22:21   Well, I forget where, but it was like before the iPhone, obviously.

02:22:24   And Steve Jobs was on the Disney board and he went down to Florida, maybe.

02:22:30   I think it was Florida where they had a board meeting and somebody showed him an ESPN phone

02:22:34   because ESPN was already a Disney property.

02:22:37   And it was like some kind of collaboration with Verizon.

02:22:40   And you'd get sports scores on your dumb phone.

02:22:43   And it had an ESPN logo.

02:22:44   And somebody showed it to Steve Jobs thinking, hey, I'm going to impress.

02:22:48   We've got this tech guy on the board and I'm going to show him our cool new ESPN phone.

02:22:52   He's like, that's the stupidest thing I've ever seen.

02:22:53   There's a reaction to almost everything, including things that later he would say are brilliant

02:22:59   and the best thing ever.

02:22:59   But yep.

02:23:00   But like Tim Cook is on boards.

02:23:02   I don't think he's on the Disney board.

02:23:04   I know he's still on the Nike board.

02:23:05   And if Nike came up with an idea as stupid as an ESPN phone back then, Tim Cook is not going to say that's the stupidest thing I ever saw.

02:23:13   He's under the thing.

02:23:14   If you don't have something nice to say, don't say anything at all.

02:23:16   Yeah.

02:23:16   He might.

02:23:17   In private meetings, there's, you know, we just have that one.

02:23:20   The one Tim Cook story we all have is of him being kind of a jerk in typical like internal big company boss way where the guy's going to get.

02:23:28   Why are you still here?

02:23:28   Why are you still here?

02:23:29   And that reads as Tim Cook that I could totally see him doing that, that, yeah, he's not always the affable person in the interviews, that he can be a stern taskmaster internally.

02:23:36   But that's internal only.

02:23:38   And it's telling.

02:23:39   That's the story we have.

02:23:40   We don't have 900 of those.

02:23:41   Do we have so many Steve Jobs stories inside and outside Apple in public interviews?

02:23:45   Not like the stuff he did inside Apple was thousand times worse than the stuff he did in public.

02:23:49   And even that was pretty bad.

02:23:51   So definitely different leadership styles.

02:23:53   Yeah.

02:23:54   And I will lastly say, just to bring it up to the present day, that the sort of conservative, always on brand Tim Cook mindset, it has infused the company without ever egotistically trying to redefine the company in his image.

02:24:16   Or like Scully, who I don't think tried to remake Apple, but really did, I think, getting to that point of why didn't the Newton integrate with the Mac at all?

02:24:26   It was this is my new platform, and it's going to put the company in new territory and set it up for this knowledge navigator future.

02:24:36   So why integrate with the old thing that everybody still associates with Steve Jobs, who I ran out of the company eight years ago or whatever?

02:24:42   Tim Cook has, without ever trying to break the Apple he inherited from Steve Jobs, infused it with his own personality.

02:24:51   And that happens under good, strong leadership, right?

02:24:54   It's the natural course of, what, 14 years of CEO ship, 15, going on 15 later this year.

02:25:01   Of course, the company has taken on more of Tim Cook's personality.

02:25:06   But I think at this point, it's too much, right?

02:25:10   It's too much Tim Cook personality infusing the company.

02:25:14   And to the current moment of LLMs, I think it has made them so gun-shy and conservative about the weird things that can come out of LLMs, and even within the last few years, that them trying to make sure that anything that comes out of Siri and or Apple intelligence remains ever on brand for Apple is a mindset that kind of explains why they're so far behind.

02:25:40   I mean, that may be part of the explanation, and honestly, I kind of agree with them there.

02:25:44   There is some brand stuff that they need to protect, and currently the technology doesn't allow them to protect it that way.

02:25:48   But I think the best example of the way the Tim Cook mindset is kind of hurting Apple here is that in the Jobs 2 era, with the whole company being so aligned behind him, the rest of the company also got to see him be Steve Jobs.

02:26:03   So it was like, okay, we're not Steve Jobs, so we need to be on message and on point and do what the leader wants.

02:26:10   But we look up there, and we see our boss, and he says whatever the hell he wants.

02:26:14   And that's aspirational for them.

02:26:16   And you would see that embodied in things like, maybe even before Steve Jobs dies, but certainly after, his alkalites that saw Steve Jobs, like Schiller, Schiller would occasionally say something irreverent.

02:26:28   He's not Steve Jobs.

02:26:29   He's not even Tim Cook.

02:26:30   But it's like he grew up looking at Steve Jobs as his leader.

02:26:34   And so the aspiration is, yeah, you've got to stay in line and be on message.

02:26:36   But once you get to the top of this thing, you can say whatever you want.

02:26:39   Whereas the Tim Cook era is, you've got to stay in line and be on message, even if you're at the top.

02:26:43   So there's no one below Tim Cook that's saying, I aspire to eventually lead Apple, and when I lead Apple, I'll do whatever the hell you want.

02:26:50   It's like, I aspire to lead Apple, and I guess I'll be just like Tim Cook and continue to be on message.

02:26:54   And so I do worry about Ternus or whoever is going to succeed him, because what you need with a new leader is like, look, it's great to speak with one voice and be aligned, but the top of that pyramid can't be in that mindset because it's paralyzing.

02:27:07   And so I do hope whoever succeeds him is able to say, I am now in the power seat.

02:27:13   Like, I'm not suggesting Phil Schiller become CEO, he's an Apple fellow, and he's off doing whatever he's doing, but like, he so clearly aspired to be able to be as irreverent as Steve Jobs, and occasionally would sneak out little bits of irreverence, even when Steve Jobs was still around and when he was still at Apple.

02:27:30   And that's just not something you see from anybody you see in a keynote these days.

02:27:34   Like, you cannot get them on the record being a little stinker.

02:27:37   Schiller came on our podcast and was a little bit of a little stinker, and he was still working at Apple then.

02:27:43   You've had him on the talk show and everything, but think of all your talk show appearances with those Apple execs.

02:27:47   Like, Jaws is a little bit of a stinker in service of Tim Cook's message, and Phil was a little bit of a stinker on his own, and irreverent to everything that came before him.

02:27:57   And like, I just don't know how this is going to go, because I really do feel like change in leadership is your opportunity to do something different and to be different.

02:28:03   And I think we've run the course of what Tim Cook's style of leadership can provide, which is some amazing stuff, but also some downsides.

02:28:09   But I hope the next leader is different, hopefully in a better way.

02:28:12   But different, even different in a worse way would be a refreshing change.

02:28:16   I forget how I know this, and it might be that I know it directly from Phil, and it was off the record, but he'll forgive me, I think.

02:28:26   But I happen to know for a fact that the can't innovate anymore, my ass line, which I think comes from the introduction of the trash can Mac Pro, was ad-libbed and did not occur in any of the rehearsals.

02:28:41   Because it was truly felt by Phil in that moment, you could all tell.

02:28:44   Yes, and Phil, from the live keynotes, one of the rules, they did not have scripts, and there were talking points.

02:28:52   The slides were obviously made in advance, and they rehearsed, rehearsed, rehearsed.

02:28:56   But there was no script, and that was a Jobs rule from on high that he doesn't want anybody up there reading from a script because it plays flat.

02:29:05   So you've got to speak extemporaneously on stage, but you do need to rehearse.

02:29:11   And Phil has told me, and Phil was always great on stage.

02:29:15   I would say second best only to Jobs, and there's no question that we know that when Jobs was on missed keynotes because of his medical problems, it was always Phil who stood in for him, which is the toughest thing.

02:29:27   Because here, the guy, everybody really wants to see Steve Jobs, he's sick, and everybody's worried about him, and Phil would step in.

02:29:32   Phil has told me that the hardest part from his perspective was he did rehearse, and he was there for every rehearsal watching everybody else rehearse and giving notes.

02:29:40   But then he never wanted to give his best performance in a rehearsal.

02:29:44   He wanted to have it down and feel like, okay, this is good, this is tight, we're hitting all the messages, but I want to stop right now because the next time I give it, I feel like it's going to be the best one, and I want that to be the real one.

02:29:55   And that's where it came out.

02:29:57   It was his best delivery of the introduction of the Mac Pro, and he added the line, can't innovate anymore of my ass.

02:30:04   It's hard to see anybody at Apple today doing that.

02:30:09   Again, even Tim Cook, because Tim Cook could do it.

02:30:11   You're at the CEO, you can do it, you can check the tone.

02:30:14   And it's like, nope, I'm never going to do that.

02:30:16   And people would go nuts, that would be the thing, as restrained as Cook has been in public for all this time, if he did it now, people would go nuts for it.

02:30:25   If he did it now, I'm not sure if the sentiment has turned so much, but we'll see.

02:30:30   I mean, I guess in our little bubble of the world, the sentiment has turned, but I bet when he goes on stage at WRC, there'll still be the same amount of cheers as there has always been.

02:30:38   Yeah.

02:30:38   And I don't expect any curse words, even as mild as ass.

02:30:43   All right.

02:30:45   Well, see you in 50 years, John.

02:30:47   I guess I'll have you on the show in between.

02:30:50   Yeah, I hope so, because again, remember about the brain mush thing.

02:30:53   Oh my God, imagine how many fucking ATPs you're going to have between them.

02:30:56   Jesus Christ.

02:30:59   I don't get it with the 52 shows.

02:31:01   52 shows a year for 13 years or so.

02:31:04   And now you've got the extra ones, too.

02:31:06   So you're probably up to like 52.

02:31:08   Yeah, monthly member specials for the past several years.

02:31:11   Yeah, and I feel like someday we're going to have a challenging summer schedule this year, but we really don't want to break the streak if possible.

02:31:20   52 episodes a year, every year, ATP.

02:31:23   It's too much, but it is good.

02:31:25   All right.

02:31:26   I thank our sponsors, Factor, where you can go get some food.

02:31:30   And Sentry, where it's like a dev kit you can put in your app and do all sorts of great stuff with the analytics you collect from your app.

02:31:40   And the third one, Notion, the all-in-one AI slash notes database for your teams.

02:31:45   Thanks to them.

02:31:46   And thank you, John, for everything, really.

02:31:49   I mean it.

02:31:49   50 years.

02:31:50   I'll see you there.

02:31:51   We'll be back any time.